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The Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Accessibility Analysis of Modern Commemorative Landscapes: A Case Study in Nanjing, China

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  • Ziyang Yan

    (College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Zhiyuan Zheng

    (College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Zun Feng

    (College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Suyu Zhong

    (College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Yuan Gao

    (College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Xinwang Sun

    (College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

Abstract

Urban commemorative landscapes serve as vital components of a city’s cultural expression. Employing a two-dimensional “physical-perceptual” accessibility evaluation framework, this study conducted a systematic analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics and accessibility of 124 commemorative landscapes in Nanjing, and investigated the factors influencing their accessibility. The analysis revealed four key findings: (1) A pronounced “core-periphery” pattern was identified, characterized by high-density, evenly distributed clusters in central districts that contrast with sparse, scattered layouts in outer suburbs. (2) Weighting analysis via the entropy method indicated that perceived accessibility (53.96%) exerted a slightly greater influence on composite accessibility than spatial accessibility (46.04%). (3) Modern commemorative landscapes in the main urban areas exhibited strong correlations with road network density and high public perception, and their comprehensive accessibility is significantly better than that of the remote suburban areas. Significant disparities in accessibility were observed among different types of modern commemorative landscapes. The comprehensive accessibility of memorial facilities was found to be the highest, attributable to their balanced spatial distribution and the fact that most of them are distributed in the densely populated main urban areas. (4) Key factors influencing accessibility were identified as attraction carrying capacity, regional population density, and elevation. This study aims to provide a reference for the comprehensive quantitative evaluation of urban commemorative landscapes, thereby promoting the coordinated development of historical space preservation and cultural resource utilization.

Suggested Citation

  • Ziyang Yan & Zhiyuan Zheng & Zun Feng & Suyu Zhong & Yuan Gao & Xinwang Sun, 2025. "The Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Accessibility Analysis of Modern Commemorative Landscapes: A Case Study in Nanjing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-23, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:18:p:8355-:d:1751791
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul J. Kelsch, 2022. "Viewing the Landscape of the George Washington Memorial Parkway: A Cultural History of Scenic Resources and Landscape Ideology," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Matthew W. Rofe & Michael Ripmeester, 2023. "Memorial landscapes and contestation: destabilising artefacts of stability," Landscape Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(5), pages 609-614, July.
    3. Haisheng Hu, 2025. "Spatial Synergy Between Cultural Heritage and Metro Networks: A Case Study of Distribution Patterns and Value Assessment in Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-20, February.
    4. Carlos Moreno & Catherine Gall & Junghyun Woo & Doyun Lee & Madiha Bencekri, 2025. "Assessing accessibility of cultural sites through the 15-minute city framework in Seoul," International Journal of Urban Sciences, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(1), pages 8-39, January.
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