The Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Accessibility Analysis of Modern Commemorative Landscapes: A Case Study in Nanjing, China

Urban commemorative landscapes serve as vital components of a city’s cultural expression. Employing a two-dimensional “physical-perceptual” accessibility evaluation framework, this study conducted a systematic analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics and accessibility of 124 commemorative landscapes in Nanjing, and investigated the factors influencing their accessibility. The analysis revealed four key findings: (1) A pronounced “core-periphery” pattern was identified, characterized by high-density, evenly distributed clusters in central districts that contrast with sparse, scattered layouts in outer suburbs. (2) Weighting analysis via the entropy method indicated that perceived accessibility (53.96%) exerted a slightly greater influence on composite accessibility than spatial accessibility (46.04%). (3) Modern commemorative landscapes in the main urban areas exhibited strong correlations with road network density and high public perception, and their comprehensive accessibility is significantly better than that of the remote suburban areas. Significant disparities in accessibility were observed among different types of modern commemorative landscapes. The comprehensive accessibility of memorial facilities was found to be the highest, attributable to their balanced spatial distribution and the fact that most of them are distributed in the densely populated main urban areas. (4) Key factors influencing accessibility were identified as attraction carrying capacity, regional population density, and elevation. This study aims to provide a reference for the comprehensive quantitative evaluation of urban commemorative landscapes, thereby promoting the coordinated development of historical space preservation and cultural resource utilization.