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Favourable Conditions for the Removal of BOD and COD in Municipal Wastewater by Electrocoagulation

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  • Karito Liseth Terrones-Díaz

    (Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13007, Peru)

  • Senaida Soledad Segura-Vera

    (Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13007, Peru)

  • Germán Luis Huerta-Chombo

    (Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13007, Peru)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of electrocoagulation conditions on the removal of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in municipal wastewater from the district of Cascas, in line with Sustainable Development Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation. A quantitative applied approach was adopted, using an experimental factorial design. Wastewater samples were collected from key points in the sewerage system and treated in electrochemical cells using aluminium (Al), iron (Fe) and combined Fe-Al electrodes. Three voltage levels (10.3 V, 20.2 V and 30.1 V) and three times (10, 20 and 40 min) were evaluated. The highest removal efficiencies were achieved with the Al-Fe electrode at 30.1 V and 40 min, reaching 96% BOD and 97% COD removal. The results demonstrate that electrode type, voltage and treatment time significantly affect contaminant removal. Thus, electrocoagulation is confirmed as a highly effective and low-cost technology for municipal wastewater treatment, with a strong potential for implementation in areas lacking adequate sanitary infrastructure.

Suggested Citation

  • Karito Liseth Terrones-Díaz & Senaida Soledad Segura-Vera & Germán Luis Huerta-Chombo, 2025. "Favourable Conditions for the Removal of BOD and COD in Municipal Wastewater by Electrocoagulation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-22, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:17:p:7803-:d:1737720
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nuno S. Graça & Alírio E. Rodrigues, 2022. "The Combined Implementation of Electrocoagulation and Adsorption Processes for the Treatment of Wastewaters," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-34, October.
    2. Kyösti Rajaniemi & Sari Tuomikoski & Ulla Lassi, 2021. "Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A Review," Resources, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Rickelmi Agüero-Quiñones & Zairi Ávila-Sánchez & Segundo Rojas-Flores & Luis Cabanillas-Chirinos & Magaly De La Cruz-Noriega & José Cruz-Monzón & Renny Nazario-Naveda, 2023. "Cadmium and COD Removal from Municipal Wastewater Using Chlorella sp. Biomass in Microbial Fuel Cells," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-23, October.
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