Development and Characterization of Sustainable Coatings on Cellulose Fabric and Nonwoven for Medical Applications

The modification of cellulose woven fabrics and viscose nonwovens was carried out with the aim of preparing sustainable coatings from biodegradable natural polymers. The modification of fabrics with biodegradable natural polymers represents an ecological alternative to other textile modifications, such as the sol-gel process. Coatings were prepared from erythritol, gelatin, and collagen in various formulations with the addition of propolis and alginate fibers and a natural plasticizer (glycerin). The morphology of the materials was determined before and after modification with Dino-Lite. Moreover, the pH value, the drop test method, the angle recovery angle, the thickness, and the mass per unit area were monitored before and after modification. The results have shown that modifications had no significant effect on the thickness or mass per unit area. In contrast, in a larger proportion, they show hydrophilic properties, which favor their application for medical purposes—for example; for the absorption of exudates in wound dressings; etc. In addition, due to the neutral and slightly alkaline pH values of the modified samples, they can be suitable for external application on the skin. The results of the recovery angle of the modified samples proved that the samples did not tend to crease and that they retained their elasticity after modification with a very pleasant textile feel (fabric hand), making them even more suitable for everyday applications.