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Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) in Schools: A Catalyst for Upholding Human Rights to Water and Sanitation in Anápolis, Brazil

Author

Listed:
  • Carmencita Tonelini Pereira

    (CeTAmb, Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy)

  • Sabrina Sorlini

    (CeTAmb, Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy)

  • Josivaldo Sátiro

    (GeoBioTec, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Beira Interior, 6200-358 Covilhã, Portugal)

  • Antonio Albuquerque

    (GeoBioTec, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Beira Interior, 6200-358 Covilhã, Portugal)

Abstract

Ensuring access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities, along with behavior change education in schools, is essential for fostering a conducive learning environment and promoting principles of inclusion, dignity, and equality. This study focuses on 12 primary schools in Anápolis, Brazil, with a total of 4394 students and 248 teachers. WASH assessments were conducted using a questionnaire, observations of water and sanitation facilities, and microbiological analysis. Between 2018 and 2020, the proportion of schools with safely managed drinking water increased from 42% to 92%. However, sanitation conditions in the schools were categorized as basic, with hygiene services rated as limited in 92% of the schools due to the absence of soap. While this study shows that Anápolis schools generally meet WASH guidelines for basic/advanced drinking water services, there is a crucial need for improvements in both hardware and software facilities to address sanitation and hygiene challenges.

Suggested Citation

  • Carmencita Tonelini Pereira & Sabrina Sorlini & Josivaldo Sátiro & Antonio Albuquerque, 2024. "Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) in Schools: A Catalyst for Upholding Human Rights to Water and Sanitation in Anápolis, Brazil," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:13:p:5361-:d:1420966
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