IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i9p7490-d1138450.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A Review of Propagation and Restoration Techniques for American Beech and Their Current and Future Application in Mitigation of Beech Bark Disease

Author

Listed:
  • Andrea L. Myers

    (College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Andrew J. Storer

    (College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

  • Yvette L. Dickinson

    (College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
    Scion Research, Titokorangi Drive, Private Bag 3020, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand)

  • Tara L. Bal

    (College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

Abstract

The American beech ( Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) has been impacted by the beech bark disease (BBD) complex throughout the northeastern United States for over 100 years, but the disease has been present in the Great Lakes region only for around 20 years, requiring acknowledgement of the evolving context surrounding F. grandifolia . This disease threatens to remove a foundational tree species which is especially important ecologically for wildlife habitat and mast, and as a climax successional species. We review advances in propagation techniques of F. grandifolia with the goal of addressing their use in the rehabilitative restoration of forests affected by BBD. Natural regeneration and artificial methods of propagation are addressed, along with how they may be applied for mitigation. Silvicultural interventions are discussed that may be necessary to protect and release resistant seedlings to promote persistence. An existing framework is used to explore context necessary for decision making in restoration. Nucleated seed orchards of resistant trees may currently be the most effective and practical method for introduction of BBD-resistant F. grandifolia into affected northern hardwood forests.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea L. Myers & Andrew J. Storer & Yvette L. Dickinson & Tara L. Bal, 2023. "A Review of Propagation and Restoration Techniques for American Beech and Their Current and Future Application in Mitigation of Beech Bark Disease," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-16, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7490-:d:1138450
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7490/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/9/7490/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7490-:d:1138450. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.