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Durability Performance of Hybrid Binder Concretes Containing Non-Ferrous Slag and Recycled Aggregates

Author

Listed:
  • Pithchai P. Sivakumar

    (Magnel-Vandepitte Laboratory for Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, BE-9052 Ghent, Belgium
    KU Leuven, Technology Campus Ghent, Department of Civil Engineering, Materials and Constructions, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium
    SIM vzw, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 48, BE-9052 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Yury A. Villagrán-Zaccardi

    (Magnel-Vandepitte Laboratory for Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, BE-9052 Ghent, Belgium
    Sustainable Materials, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, BE-2400 Mol, Belgium)

  • Thomas Lapauw

    (Resourcefull BV, Naamsevest 18, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium)

  • Elke Gruyaert

    (KU Leuven, Technology Campus Ghent, Department of Civil Engineering, Materials and Constructions, Gebroeders De Smetstraat 1, BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Stijn Matthys

    (Magnel-Vandepitte Laboratory for Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, BE-9052 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Nele De Belie

    (Magnel-Vandepitte Laboratory for Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, BE-9052 Ghent, Belgium)

Abstract

Novel hybrid binder concrete mixes with alkali-activated non-ferrous slag (NFS), either alone or in combination with blast furnace slag (BFS), as partial replacement of Portland cement, and containing 50% recycled aggregates, were successfully manufactured. The compressive strength, carbonation resistance, chloride resistance, frost scaling, sorptivity coefficient, and water penetration resistance were thoroughly assessed. The presence of recycled aggregates had an adverse effect on early-age strength, but after 91 days there was no difference between concrete with and without recycled aggregates. The chloride-binding capacity was enhanced in the BFS/NFS system with recycled aggregates (reduction in chloride ingress coefficients of ~28–35% compared to recycled concrete with NFS only). This is most likely caused by the binding of Cl ions in calcium alumina silicate hydrates (C-A-S-H) and ettringite phases. However, when compared to the system with virgin aggregates, BFS/NFS concrete with recycled aggregates showed increased carbonation rate (+30%) and frost scaling (+15%). Durability properties, such as sorptivity and water penetration resistance, were positively affected by the curing time for the BFS/NFS system (~35–45% further improvement from 28 to 90 days with respect to the NFS system). Specimens that were wet cured for 91 days showed improved results compared to the 28-day cured samples due to the slow pozzolanic reaction of the NFS.

Suggested Citation

  • Pithchai P. Sivakumar & Yury A. Villagrán-Zaccardi & Thomas Lapauw & Elke Gruyaert & Stijn Matthys & Nele De Belie, 2023. "Durability Performance of Hybrid Binder Concretes Containing Non-Ferrous Slag and Recycled Aggregates," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:8:p:6338-:d:1117849
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