IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i6p5601-d1104552.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Mechanical Behavior of Hydrated-Lime–Liquid-Stabilizer-Treated Granular Lateritic Soils

Author

Listed:
  • Kangwei Tang

    (China Road and Bridge Corporation, Beijing 100013, China
    School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

  • Feng Zeng

    (China Road and Bridge Corporation, Beijing 100013, China)

  • Liang Shi

    (Heilongjiang Provincial Highway Survey and Design Institute, Harbin 150080, China)

  • Long Zhu

    (School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

  • Zining Chen

    (China Road and Bridge Corporation, Beijing 100013, China)

  • Feng Zhang

    (School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

Abstract

Granular lateritic soil is commonly used for road construction in humid tropical and subtropical regions. However, the high plastic clay content and poor particle distribution of some laterite materials make them unsuitable for bases and subbases. Lime treatment is a widely used method for improving problematic lateritic soil, and liquid ionic stabilizers are considered an environmentally friendly solution for reinforcing such soils. However, using only lime or only stabilizers may not be optimal. This study investigated the effect of treating granular lateritic soil with hydrated lime and a new liquid stabilizer, Zhonglu-2A (ZL-2A). A series of indoor tests, including compaction, California bearing ratio, and unconfined compressive strength tests, were conducted to evaluate the effects of hydrated lime content and stabilizer content on the mechanical properties, mineralogical composition, and microstructure of the soil. The results show that an increase in hydrated lime dosage increases the optimal moisture content and decreases the maximum dry density. The CBR of lime-stabilizer-treated laterite was at least 2–3 times higher than that of the only-lime-treated soil. The highest CBR was observed in samples treated with 0.2‰ ZL-2A stabilizer. The sample with 6% lime and 0.2‰ ZL-2A stabilizer exhibited the highest unconfined compressive strength, and a nearly linear increase was observed between the unconfined compressive strength and CBR. Further investigation of the stabilization mechanism using X-ray diffraction mineralogy analysis and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the inorganic substances of the ZL-2A stabilizer and the hydrated lime provided the basic conditions for the reaction and generated cementitious hydrates on the clay particles. The mixture of granular lateritic soil and hydrated lime was wrapped by the ZL-2A stabilizer, forming a complex spatial structure and improving the strength of the soil. To improve the bearing capacity of subgrades in actual subgrade engineering, a combination of a liquid ionic stabilizer and lime should be used to treat laterite.

Suggested Citation

  • Kangwei Tang & Feng Zeng & Liang Shi & Long Zhu & Zining Chen & Feng Zhang, 2023. "Mechanical Behavior of Hydrated-Lime–Liquid-Stabilizer-Treated Granular Lateritic Soils," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-18, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:6:p:5601-:d:1104552
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/6/5601/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/6/5601/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chukwueloka Okeke & Samuel Abbey & Jonathan Oti & Eyo Eyo & Abiola Johnson & Samson Ngambi & Tamunoene Abam & Mgboawaji Ujile, 2020. "Appropriate Use of Lime in the Study of the Physicochemical Behaviour of Stabilised Lateritic Soil under Continuous Water Ingress," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-25, December.
    2. Hong Ha Thi Vu & Shuai Gu & Thenepalli Thriveni & Mohd Danish Khan & Lai Quang Tuan & Ji Whan Ahn, 2019. "Sustainable Treatment for Sulfate and Lead Removal from Battery Wastewater," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-8, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Guru Raju Pokkunuri & Rabindra Kumar Sinha & Amit K. Verma, 2023. "Field Studies on Expansive Soil Stabilization with Nanomaterials and Lime for Flexible Pavement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-21, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shuai Gu & Bitian Fu & Ji Whan Ahn, 2020. "Simultaneous Removal of Residual Sulfate and Heavy Metals from Spent Electrolyte of Lead-Acid Battery after Precipitation and Carbonation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-11, February.
    2. Eunice Iloms & Olusola O. Ololade & Henry J. O. Ogola & Ramganesh Selvarajan, 2020. "Investigating Industrial Effluent Impact on Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant in Vaal, South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-18, February.
    3. Xiao Zhang & Chen Chen & Ting Cheng & Mingyue Wen & Lei Wang & Fenxu Pan, 2022. "Making Pb Adsorption-Saturated Attapulgite with Excellent Photocatalysis Properties through a Vulcanization Reaction and Its Application for MB Wastewater Degradation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-16, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:6:p:5601-:d:1104552. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.