Inertia and Primary Frequency Response Requirement Assessment for High-Penetration Renewable Power Systems Based on Planning Perspective

In order to ensure the sustainable development of energy, the development of new power systems with a high penetration of renewable energy has become a key research direction in the field of power systems. This paper studies the system frequency response process and key indicators from the perspective of high-penetration renewable power systems and proposes an inertia and primary frequency response requirement assessment method for power system planning under high renewable penetration. First, by analyzing the frequency dynamic response process, the key parameters affecting frequency stability are determined, and the evolution trend of system inertia with increasing renewable penetration is analyzed. Second, based on the real-system data, the inertia and primary frequency response parameters for each generator are obtained. With the planning generation mix and load as the goal, whether the synchronous generators in the target system can meet the frequency stability requirements is determined. Finally, with the system inertia demand under the maximum rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) constraint as the starting point, we iteratively increase inertia and the primary frequency response capacity until the minimum matching configuration is found. The simulation results verify the correctness of the proposed assessment method. This method considers various processes in frequency response and multiple influencing factors, providing a practical evaluation tool for the inertia and primary frequency response requirements of high-penetration renewable power systems.