Assessment of Seabream Fisheries Stock of Oman Using the Monte Carlo Catch Maximum Sustainable Yield and the Bayesian Schaefer Model Methods

The establishment of managerial approaches for the sustainable use of fishery resources depends on a critical understanding of the stock status. The Monte Carlo catch maximum sustainable yield (CMSY) method and a Bayesian state–space implementation of the Schaefer model (BSM) are recent, but widely used, stock assessment methods for data-limited situations. Here, CMSY and BSM were used to evaluate the state and exploitation level of the seabream population. Collections of catch and effort data from 1988 to 2021, pertaining to time series, were obtained from the Fishery Statistics Book published by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Water Resources of Oman. The CMSY and BSM results were similar, indicating that the seabream stock of Oman was overfished, as B/B MSY = 0.96 (<1) and F/F MSY = 1.25 (>1). The probability that the stock was being overfished and undergoing overfishing in 2021 was 53%, while the probability that the stock was healthy (high biomass and low fishing pressure) was only 16.2%, when the target should be higher than 75%. The conclusions are of a preliminary nature owing to the utilization of comparatively new methodologies employed to generate them, which commonly validate the condition and utilization of the populations under investigation. Our research suggests that the seabream population in Oman is overfished, and reducing fishing activity is necessary to restore its abundance.