Numerical Analysis of the Dynamic Response Law of Counter-Tilt Layered Rock Slopes

Counter-tilt layered rock slopes are common types of slopes that are susceptible to destabilizing damage under seismic action. Therefore, the dynamic response law of counter-tilt layered rock slopes under seismic action is of great significance for the study of slope stability. This study utilizes UDEC (Universal Distinct Element Code) numerical simulation software to vary slope geometry and seismic wave parameters, such as joint thickness, joint inclination angle, slope angle, seismic wave frequency, amplitude, and duration. The maximum displacements of the monitoring points of a slope were obtained, and the dynamic response law of counter-tilt layered rock slopes under seismic action was investigated. The results yielded the following insights: (1) The thickness of the joints of a slope is an important factor affecting the dynamic response of a slope, and with the increase in the thickness of the joints, the maximum displacement of each monitoring point of the slope will decrease. (2) The maximum displacement of a slope increases with the increase in the joint inclination angle and the slope angle. When the joint inclination angle is less than 50°, the change in the joint inclination angle has less of an effect on the maximum displacement of the slope in the x and y directions. When the joint inclination angle is more than 50°, the maximum displacement of the slope in the x and y directions increases faster with the change in the joint inclination angle, and a similar pattern is observed for the slope angle. (3) Slopes are less susceptible to damage when both the joint inclination angle and the slope angle are less than 50°, and the probability of slope damage increases significantly when both are greater than 50°. (4) The maximum displacement at each monitoring point of a slope increases with the frequency, amplitude, and duration of a seismic wave. (5) Seismic wave amplitude has the greatest effect on the dynamic response of a slope, followed by duration, and frequency has the weakest effect on the dynamic response of a slope. The conclusions drawn in this paper can be useful for the control of counter-tilt layered rock slopes.