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Failure Mechanism of Anti-Dip Layered Soft Rock Slope under Rainfall and Excavation Conditions

Author

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  • Jun Jia

    (Key Laboratory for Geo-Hazard in Loess Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710119, China
    State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China)

  • Xiangjun Pei

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China)

  • Gang Liu

    (Key Laboratory for Geo-Hazard in Loess Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Guojun Cai

    (State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China)

  • Xiaopeng Guo

    (Key Laboratory for Geo-Hazard in Loess Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710119, China)

  • Bo Hong

    (Key Laboratory for Geo-Hazard in Loess Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi’an Center of China Geological Survey, Xi’an 710119, China)

Abstract

The phenomenon of toppling deformation and failure is common in slopes with anti-dip structures, especially in soft metamorphic rock slopes. This paper aims to explore the instability mechanism of anti-dip layered soft metamorphic rock landslides. Taking the slope of a mining area in the southern Qinling Mountains of China as a geological prototype, a large-scale centrifuge model test and a numerical simulation based on the combined finite and discrete element method (FDEM) were performed. The deformation and failure process, failure mode, and failure path of the slope under rainfall and excavation conditions were simulated. The results show that both the physical centrifuge model test and the new numerical model test can simulate the instability process of anti-dip layered soft metamorphic rock slopes, and the phenomena simulated by the two methods are also very close. Rainfall mainly weakens the mechanical properties of rock, while the excavation at the slope toe mainly changes the stress field distribution and provides space for slope deformation, both of which accelerate the instability of the anti-dip soft metamorphic rock slope. The failure process of an anti-dip layered soft rock slope can be described as follows: bending of the rock layer–tensile fracture along the layer–flexural toppling and cracking perpendicular to the rock layer–extension and penetration of the tensile fracture surface–sliding and instability of the slope.

Suggested Citation

  • Jun Jia & Xiangjun Pei & Gang Liu & Guojun Cai & Xiaopeng Guo & Bo Hong, 2023. "Failure Mechanism of Anti-Dip Layered Soft Rock Slope under Rainfall and Excavation Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-21, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:12:p:9398-:d:1168798
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Danqing Song & Wanpeng Shi & Chengwen Wang & Lihu Dong & Xin He & Enge Wu & Jianjun Zhao & Runhu Lu, 2023. "Numerical Investigation of a Local Precise Reinforcement Method for Dynamic Stability of Rock Slope under Earthquakes Using Continuum–Discontinuum Element Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-24, January.
    2. Longwei Yang & Yangqing Xu & Luqi Wang & Qiangqiang Jiang, 2023. "Seismic Signal Characteristics and Numerical Modeling Analysis of the Xinmo Landslide," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-17, March.
    3. Songlin Li & Qiang Xu & Minggao Tang & Huajin Li & He Yang & Yong Wei, 2020. "Centrifuge Modeling and the Analysis of Ancient Landslides Subjected to Reservoir Water Level Fluctuation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-19, March.
    4. Gang Liu & Fengshan Ma & Haijun Zhao & Guang Li & Jiayuan Cao & Jie Guo, 2019. "Study on the Fracture Distribution Law and the Influence of Discrete Fractures on the Stability of Roadway Surrounding Rock in the Sanshandao Coastal Gold Mine, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-17, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wei Cao & Zheng Wan & Wenjing Li, 2023. "Stability of Unsaturated Soil Slope Considering Stratigraphic Uncertainty," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-24, July.

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