Residential Electricity Load Forecasting Based on Fuzzy Cluster Analysis and LSSVM with Optimization by the Fireworks Algorithm

As the construction of the energy internet progresses, the proportion of residential electricity consumption in end-use energy consumption is increasing, the peak load on the grid is growing year on year, and seasonal and regional peak power supply tensions, mainly for residential electricity consumption, have become common problems across the country. Accurate residential load forecasting can provide strong data support for the operation of electricity demand response and the incentive setting of the response. For the accuracy and stability of residential electricity load forecasting, a forecasting model is presented in this paper based on fuzzy cluster analysis (FC), least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM), and a fireworks algorithm (FWA). First of all, to reduce the redundancy of input data, it is necessary to reduce the dimension of data features. Then, FWA is used to optimize the arguments γ and σ 2 of LSSVM, where γ is the penalty factor and σ 2 denotes the kernel width. Finally, a load forecasting method of FC–FWA–LSSVM is developed. Relevant data from Beijing, China, are selected for training tests to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The results show that the FC–FWA–LSSVM hybrid model proposed in this paper has high accuracy in residential power load forecasting, and the model has good stability and versatility.