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A Comprehensive Review of the Effects of Different Simulated Environmental Conditions and Hybridization Processes on the Mechanical Behavior of Different FRP Bars

Author

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  • Mohammadamin Mirdarsoltany

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran)

  • Farid Abed

    (Department of Civil Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates)

  • Reza Homayoonmehr

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran)

  • Seyed Vahid Alavi Nezhad Khalil Abad

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Birjand University of Technology, Birjand 97175-569, Iran)

Abstract

When it comes to sustainability, steel rebar corrosion has always been a big issue, especially when they are exposed to harsh environmental conditions, such as marine and coastal environments. Moreover, the steel industry is to blame for being one of the largest producers of carbon in the world. To supplant this material, utilizing fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) and hybrid FRP bars as a reinforcement in concrete elements is proposed because of their appropriate mechanical behavior, such as their durability, high tensile strength, high-temperature resistance, and lightweight-to-strength ratio. This method not only improves the long performance of reinforced concrete (RC) elements but also plays an important role in achieving sustainability, thus reducing the maintenance costs of concrete structures. On the other hand, FRP bars do not show ductility under tensile force. This negative aspect of FRP bars causes a sudden failure in RC structures, acting as a stumbling block to the widespread use of these bars in RC elements. This research, at first, discusses the effects of different environmental solutions, such as alkaline, seawater, acid, salt, and tap water on the tensile and bonding behavior of different fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars, ranging from glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars, and basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars, to carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars, and aramid fiber-reinforced polymer (AFRP) bars. Furthermore, the influence of the hybridization process on the ductility, tensile, and elastic modulus of FRP bars is explored. The study showed that the hybridization process improves the tensile strength of FRP bars by up to 224% and decreases their elastic modulus by up to 73%. Finally, future directions on FRP and hybrid FRP bars are recommended.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammadamin Mirdarsoltany & Farid Abed & Reza Homayoonmehr & Seyed Vahid Alavi Nezhad Khalil Abad, 2022. "A Comprehensive Review of the Effects of Different Simulated Environmental Conditions and Hybridization Processes on the Mechanical Behavior of Different FRP Bars," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-20, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8834-:d:866347
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohammadamin Mirdarsoltany & Alireza Rahai & Farzad Hatami & Reza Homayoonmehr & Farid Abed, 2021. "Investigating Tensile Behavior of Sustainable Basalt–Carbon, Basalt–Steel, and Basalt–Steel-Wire Hybrid Composite Bars," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-13, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yongxiang Cui & Jiafei Jiang & Tengfei Fu & Sifeng Liu, 2022. "Feasibility of using Waste Brine/Seawater and Sea Sand for the Production of Concrete: An Experimental Investigation from Mechanical Properties and Durability Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Reza Homayoonmehr & Ali Akbar Ramezanianpour & Faramarz Moodi & Amir Mohammad Ramezanianpour & Juan Pablo Gevaudan, 2022. "A Review on the Effect of Metakaolin on the Chloride Binding of Concrete, Mortar, and Paste Specimens," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-21, November.

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    1. Reza Homayoonmehr & Ali Akbar Ramezanianpour & Faramarz Moodi & Amir Mohammad Ramezanianpour & Juan Pablo Gevaudan, 2022. "A Review on the Effect of Metakaolin on the Chloride Binding of Concrete, Mortar, and Paste Specimens," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-21, November.

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