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Vacuum Microwave-Assisted Aqueous Extraction of Polyphenolic Compounds from Avocado ( Persea Americana ) Solid Waste

Author

Listed:
  • Prodromos Skenderidis

    (Laboratory of Food and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece)

  • Stefanos Leontopoulos

    (Laboratory of Food and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece)

  • Konstantinos Petrotos

    (Laboratory of Food and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece)

  • Ioannis Giavasis

    (Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece)

Abstract

The extraction efficacy of avocado fruit peels (AP) and seeds (AS) with the use of vacuum microwave-assisted aqueous extraction (VMAAE) was optimized in this study, with regard to extract’s total phenolic content (TPC), maximum antioxidant activity and minimal operational cost. Temperature (79.64 and 78.11 °C for AP and 43.90 and 45.26 °C for AS), time (11.89 and 11.75 min for AP, 10.18 and 10.28 min for AS), ratio of water to raw material (16.45% and 10.02% for AP, 38.73% and 37.65% for AS) and microwave power (5708.04 and 5699.10 W for AP, 5549.08 and 4797.29 W for AS) were estimated statistically as the optimal conditions in order to achieve high rates of extracts with high TPC and antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH ● ) scavenging radical methods, respectively. VMAAE performed under these conditions resulted in received extracts with TPC (0.352 gallic acid equivalent-GAE/g fresh AP/min and 0.124 GAE/g fresh AS/min). Furthermore, it was calculated the DPPH ● radical scavenging activity was equal to 100 mg/L expressed in L of 0.104 L/min for AP and 0.045 L/min for AS. The results of our study may give a promising solution to avocado processing companies for further utilization of their waste.

Suggested Citation

  • Prodromos Skenderidis & Stefanos Leontopoulos & Konstantinos Petrotos & Ioannis Giavasis, 2021. "Vacuum Microwave-Assisted Aqueous Extraction of Polyphenolic Compounds from Avocado ( Persea Americana ) Solid Waste," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:2166-:d:501114
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