IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i24p13548-d697117.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Identification and Modelling of Chlorine Decay Mechanisms in Reclaimed Water Containing Ammonia

Author

Listed:
  • Joana Costa

    (Water Quality and Treatment Laboratory, Urban Water Unit, Hydraulics and Environment Department, LNEC—National Laboratory for Civil Engineering, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal
    CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Elsa Mesquita

    (Water Quality and Treatment Laboratory, Urban Water Unit, Hydraulics and Environment Department, LNEC—National Laboratory for Civil Engineering, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Filipa Ferreira

    (CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Maria João Rosa

    (Water Quality and Treatment Laboratory, Urban Water Unit, Hydraulics and Environment Department, LNEC—National Laboratory for Civil Engineering, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal)

  • Rui M. C. Viegas

    (Water Quality and Treatment Laboratory, Urban Water Unit, Hydraulics and Environment Department, LNEC—National Laboratory for Civil Engineering, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal)

Abstract

Keeping an effective disinfectant residual concentration in reclaimed water is still a challenge, due to its high levels of ammonia and organic matter when compared with those in drinking water. This research proposes the integration of the reaction schemes of monochloramine auto-decomposition with an empirical kinetic mechanism accounting for reactive chlorine species decay in the presence of organic matter, for which three mechanisms were hypothesized and tested. A parallel second order mechanism, where monochloramine reacts both with fast and slow organic matter reactive fractions, was identified as the most suitable. The model, comprising two rate constants and two fictive concentrations of organic matter as parameters, was further successfully calibrated with real reclaimed waters with two initial free chlorine doses of 8.01 × 10 − 5 M (≈5 mg/L) and 2.67 × 10 − 4 M (≈20 mg/L). The proposed model is believed to support future studies aiming to predict and manage chlorine decay in reclaimed water distribution systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Joana Costa & Elsa Mesquita & Filipa Ferreira & Maria João Rosa & Rui M. C. Viegas, 2021. "Identification and Modelling of Chlorine Decay Mechanisms in Reclaimed Water Containing Ammonia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:24:p:13548-:d:697117
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/24/13548/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/24/13548/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:24:p:13548-:d:697117. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.