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The Potential Use of Microorganisms as Restorative Agents: An Update

Author

Listed:
  • Irene Soffritti

    (Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
    CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Maria D’Accolti

    (Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
    CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Luca Lanzoni

    (CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Antonella Volta

    (CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Matteo Bisi

    (CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Sante Mazzacane

    (CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Elisabetta Caselli

    (Section of Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
    CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy)

Abstract

The biodeterioration process involves every type of Cultural Heritage item, including monuments, stoneworks, frescoes, and easel paintings. The accurate study of the microbial and fungal communities dwelling on artworks, and involved in their deterioration, is essential for the adoption of optimal prevention and conservation strategies. Conventional restorative methods, that usually involve chemical and physical technologies, present some disadvantages, including short-term and unsatisfactory effects, potential damage to the treated works, human toxicity, and environmental hazards. Research in the field of restoration has paved the way for innovative biological approaches, or ‘biorestoration’, in which microorganisms are not only considered as an eventual danger for artworks, but rather as potential tools for restoration. The present review describes the main aspects of the biodeterioration process and highlights the most relevant biorestoration approaches: bioconsolidation, biocleaning, biological control, and new promising bio-decontaminating compounds.

Suggested Citation

  • Irene Soffritti & Maria D’Accolti & Luca Lanzoni & Antonella Volta & Matteo Bisi & Sante Mazzacane & Elisabetta Caselli, 2019. "The Potential Use of Microorganisms as Restorative Agents: An Update," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-17, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:14:p:3853-:d:248583
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fadwa Jroundi & Mara Schiro & Encarnación Ruiz-Agudo & Kerstin Elert & Inés Martín-Sánchez & María Teresa González-Muñoz & Carlos Rodriguez-Navarro, 2017. "Protection and consolidation of stone heritage by self-inoculation with indigenous carbonatogenic bacterial communities," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Pipat Piewngam & Yue Zheng & Thuan H. Nguyen & Seth W. Dickey & Hwang-Soo Joo & Amer E. Villaruz & Kyle A. Glose & Emilie L. Fisher & Rachelle L. Hunt & Barry Li & Janice Chiou & Sujiraphong Pharkjaks, 2018. "Pathogen elimination by probiotic Bacillus via signalling interference," Nature, Nature, vol. 562(7728), pages 532-537, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pilar Bosch-Roig & Hugo Allegue & Ignacio Bosch, 2019. "Granite Pavement Nitrate Desalination: Traditional Methods vs. Biocleaning Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-18, August.

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