Computational Investigation of Long Free-Span Submarine Pipelines with Buoyancy Modules Using an Automated Python–Abaqus Framework

This paper introduces an efficient and automated computational framework integrating Python scripting with Abaqus finite element analysis (FEA) to investigate the structural behavior of long free-spanning submarine pipelines equipped with buoyancy modules. A comprehensive parametric study was conducted, involving 1260 free-spanning submarine pipeline models, and was successfully performed with a wide range of parameters, including the length ( l p = 100, 200, and 300 m), radius ( r p = 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 m), thickness, type of fluid, type of support, load ratio ( L R = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1), and number of buoyancy modules ( n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 9) with its length ( l b = 1 / 10 · l p ) . The study included a verification process, providing a verification of the presented framework. The results demonstrate excellent agreement with analytical and numerical solutions, validating the accuracy and robustness of the proposed framework. The analysis indicates that pipeline deformation and natural frequency are highly sensitive to variations in buoyancy arrangements, pipeline geometry, and load conditions, whereas the normalized mode shapes remain largely unaffected. Practical implications include the ability to rapidly optimize buoyancy module placements, reducing resonance risks from vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs), thus enhancing the preliminary design efficiency and pipeline safety. The developed approach advances existing methods by significantly reducing the computational complexity and enabling extensive parametric analyses, making it a valuable tool for designing stable, cost-effective offshore pipeline systems.