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On the Total Version of Triple Roman Domination in Graphs

Author

Listed:
  • Juan Carlos Valenzuela-Tripodoro

    (Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Algeciras, Universidad de Cádiz, 11202 Algeciras, Spain)

  • Maria Antonia Mateos-Camacho

    (Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain)

  • Martin Cera

    (Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad de Sevilla, 41005 Sevilla, Spain)

  • Maria Pilar Alvarez-Ruiz

    (Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Algeciras, Universidad de Cádiz, 11202 Algeciras, Spain)

Abstract

In this paper, we describe the study of total triple Roman domination. Total triple Roman domination is an assignment of labels from { 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 } to the vertices of a graph such that every vertex is protected by at least three units either on itself or its neighbors while ensuring that none of its neighbors remains unprotected. Formally, a total triple Roman dominating function is a function f : V ( G ) → { 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 } such that f ( N [ v ] ) ≥ | A N ( v ) | + 3 , where A N ( v ) denotes the set of active neighbors of vertex v , i.e., those assigned a positive label. We investigate the algorithmic complexity of the associated decision problem, establish sharp bounds regarding graph structural parameters, and obtain the exact values for several graph families.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Carlos Valenzuela-Tripodoro & Maria Antonia Mateos-Camacho & Martin Cera & Maria Pilar Alvarez-Ruiz, 2025. "On the Total Version of Triple Roman Domination in Graphs," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:13:y:2025:i:8:p:1277-:d:1633612
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