IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v11y2023i15p3434-d1212215.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Analysis of U-V2X Communications with Non-Clustered and Clustered Jamming in the Presence of Fluctuating UAV Beam Width

Author

Listed:
  • Mohammad Arif

    (Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea)

  • Wooseong Kim

    (Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Jammers emit strong intentional jamming signals aiming to limit or block legitimate communications. The distribution of jammers, whether in non-clustered or clustered form, significantly influences the performance of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. In addition, the fluctuations in the three-dimensional (3D) antenna beam width of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can exert a substantial impact on the network’s overall performance. This paper introduces a model for UAV-V2X (U-V2X) communications in mm-Wave bands, considering non-clustered and clustered jammers, as well as the varying 3D antenna beam width. The roads are modeled using a Poisson line process, vehicular nodes (VNs) are modeled using a 1D Poisson point process (PPP), and UAVs are modeled using a 3D PPP. The jammers are distributed in two ways: non-clustered and clustered distributions. Moreover, the fluctuations in the 3D antenna beam width follow a normal distribution. To this end, a typical node’s performance in U-V2X communications is evaluated for various network configurations, including the number of UAVs, VNs, roads, jammers, and jammer’s transmission power. The analytical expressions for the outage probability (OP) of VN to VN connection (i.e., V2V), VN to UAV connection (i.e., V2U2V), and an overall connection (i.e., U-V2X), under non-clustered and clustered jamming, along with the fluctuating antenna beam width, are derived. The results revealed that the performance of the U-V2X communications utilizing mm-Waves is significantly degraded with the non-clustered jamming in comparison with the clustered jamming. The fluctuations in the 3D beam width of the UAV antennas further compromise the network’s performance. Thus, accurate modeling of these fluctuations is crucial, particularly in the presence of non-clustered jammers. Furthermore, the system designers should focus on implementing additional anti-jamming countermeasures specifically targeting non-clustered jammers in U-V2X communications.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad Arif & Wooseong Kim, 2023. "Analysis of U-V2X Communications with Non-Clustered and Clustered Jamming in the Presence of Fluctuating UAV Beam Width," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-28, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2023:i:15:p:3434-:d:1212215
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/15/3434/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/11/15/3434/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jan Lansky & Amir Masoud Rahmani & Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, 2022. "Reinforcement Learning-Based Routing Protocols in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks for Intelligent Transport System (ITS): A Survey," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(24), pages 1-45, December.
    2. Piyush Dhawankar & Prashant Agrawal & Bilal Abderezzak & Omprakash Kaiwartya & Krishna Busawon & Maria Simona Raboacă, 2021. "Design and Numerical Implementation of V2X Control Architecture for Autonomous Driving Vehicles," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(14), pages 1-24, July.
    3. Yuanfeng Ding & Yan Huang & Li Tang & Xizhong Qin & Zhenhong Jia, 2022. "Resource Allocation in V2X Communications Based on Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Attention Mechanism," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(19), pages 1-19, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jie Bi & Xizhong Qin & Zhenhong Jia, 2023. "Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation for D2D-V2V Communication with Load Balancing," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-20, June.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    jamming; V2X communications; unmanned aerial vehicles; MCP; PPP;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2023:i:15:p:3434-:d:1212215. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.