A Real-Time Crowdsensing Framework for Potential COVID-19 Carrier Detection Using Wearable Sensors

Artificial intelligence has been utilized extensively in the healthcare sector for the last few decades to simplify medical procedures, such as diagnosis, prognosis, drug discovery, and many more. With the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, more methods for detecting and treating COVID-19 infections have been developed. Several projects involving considerable artificial intelligence use have been researched and put into practice. Crowdsensing is an example of an application in which artificial intelligence is employed to detect the presence of a virus in an individual based on their physiological parameters. A solution is proposed to detect the potential COVID-19 carrier in crowded premises of a closed campus area, for example, hospitals, corridors, company premises, and so on. Sensor-based wearable devices are utilized to obtain measurements of various physiological indicators (or parameters) of an individual. A machine-learning-based model is proposed for COVID-19 prediction with these parameters as input. The wearable device dataset was used to train four different machine learning algorithms. The support vector machine, which performed the best, received an F1-score of 96.64% and an accuracy score of 96.57%. Moreover, the wearable device is used to retrieve the coordinates of a potential COVID-19 carrier, and the YOLOv5 object detection method is used to do real-time visual tracking on a closed-circuit television video feed.