Identifying Strategic Dimensions of Territorial Logistics Management in Turbulent Environments: A Factor-Analytic Model for Smart, Sustainable, and Resilient Supply Chains

Background: Territorial logistics management has become increasingly important in turbulent environments, where digitalization, sustainability, resilience, and governance interact to shape regional logistics performance. This study aims to identify the strategic dimensions that structure territorial logistics management. Methods: A sequential mixed-methods design was adopted. First, relevant variables were identified through a structured literature review and expert judgment. Second, a survey of 376 specialists was analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) to explore the empirical structure of the retained variables. Results: The analysis identified a four-dimensional structure comprising: (1) digital infrastructure and intelligent logistics, (2) sustainability and circular economy, (3) systemic resilience and risk management, and (4) territorial logistics, governance, and accessibility. Together, these dimensions explained more than 70% of the total variance. Conclusions: The findings suggest that territorial logistics management is a multidimensional phenomenon shaped by the interaction of technological, environmental, institutional, and spatial factors. The study provides an empirically grounded exploratory framework for understanding territorial logistics and supporting more integrated strategies for smart, sustainable, and resilient supply chains.