From IT Capability to Manufacturing Flexibility: The Role of Knowledge Acquisition and Customer–Supplier Integration

Background : This study examines how information technology (IT) capability contributes to manufacturing flexibility (MF) through knowledge acquisition (KA) and customer–supplier integration (CSI), drawing on dynamic capability theory. Methods : Survey data were collected from 137 manufacturing firms in Thailand and analyzed using structural equation modeling to test the proposed relationships. Results : The findings show that IT capability significantly enhances KA, which subsequently strengthens CSI. While IT does not directly influence MF, its effect is transmitted through a sequential pathway in which IT improves KA, KA facilitates CSI, and CSI is the only construct directly associated with MF. These results identify CSI as the central conversion mechanism through which IT-enabled information and externally acquired knowledge are translated into operational adaptability. Conclusions : The study demonstrates that externally acquired knowledge generates value only when embedded in collaborative interorganizational routines, such as joint planning and synchronized decision-making. It further highlights the complementary roles of learning-oriented and integration capabilities in enabling manufacturing flexibility. Managerially, firms should prioritize IT investments that strengthen customer–supplier integration rather than focusing solely on technological sophistication.