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Applying Built-Up and Bare-Soil Indices from Landsat 8 to Cities in Dry Climates

Author

Listed:
  • Azad Rasul

    (Centre for Landscape and Climate Research, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
    Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts, Soran University, Soran 44008, Iraq)

  • Heiko Balzter

    (Centre for Landscape and Climate Research, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
    National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • Gaylan R. Faqe Ibrahim

    (Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts, Soran University, Soran 44008, Iraq)

  • Hasan M. Hameed

    (Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts, Soran University, Soran 44008, Iraq)

  • James Wheeler

    (Centre for Landscape and Climate Research, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • Bashir Adamu

    (Centre for Landscape and Climate Research, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
    Department of Geography, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola P.M.B. 2076, Nigeria)

  • Sa’ad Ibrahim

    (Centre for Landscape and Climate Research, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
    Department of Geography, Adamu Augie College of Education, Argungu 861231, Nigeria)

  • Peshawa M. Najmaddin

    (Centre for Landscape and Climate Research, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
    Department of Soil and Water Science, College of Agricultural, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimania 46001, Iraq)

Abstract

Arid and semi-arid regions have different spectral characteristics from other climatic regions. Therefore, appropriate remotely sensed indicators of land use and land cover types need to be defined for arid and semi-arid lands, as indices developed for other climatic regions may not give plausible results in arid and semi-arid regions. For instance, the normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) and normalized difference bareness index (NDBaI) are unable to distinguish between built-up areas and bare and dry soil that surrounds many cities in dry climates. This paper proposes the application of two newly developed indices, the dry built-up index (DBI) and dry bare-soil index (DBSI) to map built-up and bare areas in a dry climate from Landsat 8. The developed DBI and DBSI were applied to map urban areas and bare soil in the city of Erbil, Iraq. The results show an overall classification accuracy of 93% (κ = 0.86) and 92% (κ = 0.84) for DBI and DBSI, respectively. The results indicate the suitability of the proposed indices to discriminate between urban areas and bare soil in arid and semi-arid climates.

Suggested Citation

  • Azad Rasul & Heiko Balzter & Gaylan R. Faqe Ibrahim & Hasan M. Hameed & James Wheeler & Bashir Adamu & Sa’ad Ibrahim & Peshawa M. Najmaddin, 2018. "Applying Built-Up and Bare-Soil Indices from Landsat 8 to Cities in Dry Climates," Land, MDPI, vol. 7(3), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:7:y:2018:i:3:p:81-:d:156130
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jaydip Dey & Saurabh Sakhre & Ritesh Vijay & Hemant Bherwani & Rakesh Kumar, 2021. "Geospatial assessment of urban sprawl and landslide susceptibility around the Nainital lake, Uttarakhand, India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 3543-3561, March.
    2. Isaac Buo & Valentina Sagris & Iuliia Burdun & Evelyn Uuemaa, 2021. "Estimating the expansion of urban areas and urban heat islands (UHI) in Ghana: a case study," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 105(2), pages 1299-1321, January.

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