IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jjopen/v8y2025i1p10-d1603471.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Feasibility Study of Biodegradable Vegetable Peels as Sustainable Fluid Loss Additives in Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Author

Listed:
  • Olajide Ibrahim Oladipo

    (Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, UK)

  • Foad Faraji

    (Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, UK)

  • Hossein Habibi

    (Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, UK)

  • Mardin Abdalqadir

    (Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, UK)

  • Jagar A. Ali

    (Department of Geology, Palacký University, 17. Listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic)

  • Perk Lin Chong

    (Department of Engineering, School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BA, UK)

Abstract

Drilling fluids are vital in oil and gas well operations, ensuring borehole stability, cutting removal, and pressure control. However, fluid loss into formations during drilling can compromise formation integrity, alter permeability, and risk groundwater contamination. Water-based drilling fluids (WBDFs) are favored for their environmental and cost-effective benefits but often require additives to address filtration and rheological limitations. This study explored the feasibility of using vegetable waste, including pumpkin peel (PP), courgette peel (CP), and butternut squash peel (BSP) in fine (75 μm) and very fine (10 μm) particle sizes as biodegradable WBDF additives. Waste vegetable peels were processed using ball milling and characterized via FTIR, TGA, and EDX. WBDFs, prepared per API SPEC 13A with 3 wt% of added additives, were tested for rheological and filtration properties. Results highlighted that very fine pumpkin peel powder (PP_10) was the most effective additive, reducing fluid loss and filter cake thickness by 43.5% and 50%, respectively. PP_10 WBDF maintained mud density, achieved a pH of 10.52 (preventing corrosion), and enhanced rheological properties, including a 50% rise in plastic viscosity and a 44.2% increase in gel strength. These findings demonstrate the remarkable potential of biodegradable vegetable peels as sustainable WBDF additives.

Suggested Citation

  • Olajide Ibrahim Oladipo & Foad Faraji & Hossein Habibi & Mardin Abdalqadir & Jagar A. Ali & Perk Lin Chong, 2025. "Feasibility Study of Biodegradable Vegetable Peels as Sustainable Fluid Loss Additives in Water-Based Drilling Fluids," J, MDPI, vol. 8(1), pages 1-28, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jjopen:v:8:y:2025:i:1:p:10-:d:1603471
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8800/8/1/10/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8800/8/1/10/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yong-Gu Lee & Jaegwan Shin & Jinwoo Kwak & Sangwon Kim & Changgil Son & Kyung Hwa Cho & Kangmin Chon, 2021. "Effects of NaOH Activation on Adsorptive Removal of Herbicides by Biochars Prepared from Ground Coffee Residues," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-15, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gyuhyeon Kim & Young Mo Kim & Su Min Kim & Hyun Uk Cho & Jong Moon Park, 2021. "Magnetic Steel Slag Biochar for Ammonium Nitrogen Removal from Aqueous Solution," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-12, May.
    2. María Alejandra Décima & Simone Marzeddu & Margherita Barchiesi & Camilla Di Marcantonio & Agostina Chiavola & Maria Rosaria Boni, 2021. "A Review on the Removal of Carbamazepine from Aqueous Solution by Using Activated Carbon and Biochar," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-50, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jjopen:v:8:y:2025:i:1:p:10-:d:1603471. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.