Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Anti- Toxocara spp. IgG Seropositivity Among Cat Owners in an Island Community: A Cross-Sectional Study in Koh Yao District, Phang Nga Province, Thailand

Toxocara spp. infection is a neglected zoonotic disease associated with exposure to companion animals and contaminated environments. However, information regarding its seroprevalence and associated risk factors among cat owners in Thailand, particularly in remote island communities, remains limited. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine anti- Toxocara spp. IgG seropositivity and identify associated risk factors among cat owners in Koh Yao District, Phang Nga Province, Thailand. A total of 291 cat owners participated in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, serum anti- Toxocara spp. IgG antibodies, and hematological parameters were collected. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with seropositivity. The overall prevalence of anti- Toxocara spp. IgG seropositivity was 34.36%. In the univariate analysis, failure to wash hands after cat contact was significantly associated with higher odds of seropositivity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–3.33; p = 0.011). This association remained significant in the multivariable logistic regression model. These findings indicate substantial exposure to Toxocara spp. among cat owners in this island community and highlight the importance of personal hygiene, particularly handwashing after cat contact, in reducing exposure to infective Toxocara eggs. Targeted health education programs and preventive interventions should be strengthened to reduce the risk of Toxocara spp. exposure in endemic communities.