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Validation of the Croatian Version of the Eight-Item Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ-8)

Author

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  • Iva Dimitrijević

    (Department of Pain Management, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Ivan Radoš

    (Department of Pain Management, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Dijana Hnatešen

    (Department of Pain Management, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Nursing Institute “Professor Radivoje Radić”, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Vanja Matković

    (Department of Pain Management, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Department of Physiotherapy, College of Applied Sciences “Lavoslav Ružička”, 32000 Vukovar, Croatia)

  • Dino Budrovac

    (Department of Pain Management, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

Abstract

Background: Chronic pain is a serious health issue associated with significant functional and emotional impairment. Chronic pain acceptance, which can be described as engaging in valued activities despite ongoing pain, is associated with better psychological adjustment and quality of life. This study aimed to translate the Eight-Item Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ-8) into Croatian and investigate its reliability and validity. Methods: A total of 229 outpatients with chronic musculoskeletal pain completed the Croatian version of the CPAQ-8, as well as the SF-36 Health Status Questionnaire (SF-36), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PSC), and the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS). Results: The Croatian version of the CPAQ-8 demonstrated good internal consistency for the total score and its subscales, and the exploratory factor analysis revealed the original two-factor structure. Concurrent validity was supported through theoretically consistent correlations with psychological distress, quality of life, and pain-related constructs. Conclusion: The Croatian version of the CPAQ-8 is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing pain acceptance in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain and can be confidently used in both clinical practice and research settings.

Suggested Citation

  • Iva Dimitrijević & Ivan Radoš & Dijana Hnatešen & Vanja Matković & Dino Budrovac, 2026. "Validation of the Croatian Version of the Eight-Item Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ-8)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 23(2), pages 1-10, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:23:y:2026:i:2:p:145-:d:1847712
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