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The Long-Term Impact of Fuel Exposure (LIFE) Study: A Tri-Service Cohort of United States Veterans with Military Occupational Exposure to Jet Fuels

Author

Listed:
  • Elizabeth R. Heitz

    (Exposure Science Program, Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Veterans Health Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA)

  • Nicholas A. Tilton

    (Exposure Science Program, Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Veterans Health Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA)

  • Justin G. Bergeron

    (Exposure Science Program, Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Veterans Health Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA)

  • Gregory Wolff

    (Epidemiology Consult Service, US Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH 45433, USA)

  • Jennifer A. Rusiecki

    (Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA)

  • Aaron I. Schneiderman

    (Epidemiology Program, Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Veterans Health Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA)

  • Warren S. Monks

    (Directorate of Clinical Public Health and Epidemiology, Defense Centers for Public Health-Aberdeen, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD 21010, USA)

  • Christopher Edwards

    (711th Human Performance Wing, US Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH 45433, USA)

  • Gillon D. Marchetti

    (Military Exposure Team, Compensation Service, Veterans Benefits Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA)

  • Terra D. Vincent-Hall

    (Exposure Science Program, Health Outcomes Military Exposures, Veterans Health Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC 20420, USA)

Abstract

Jet fuels are a complex mixture of hydrocarbons and performance additives, including some compounds with established human toxicity. They represent a significant occupational hazard for military personnel; however, little is known about possible long-term health effects, particularly following cessation of exposure. In response to United States (US) Veterans’ concerns, the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD) launched a large retrospective cohort study to assess the impact of military occupational jet fuel exposure on Veterans’ health. The Long-Term Impact of Fuel Exposure (LIFE) cohort consists of over 1.3 million Veterans who entered service on or after 1 January 1995, including both individuals with jet fuel-exposed occupations in their service history and a random sample of unexposed Veterans. Data from multiple VA and DoD administrative datasets were linked to evaluate morbidity, disability, and mortality endpoints. Analyses are underway to assess associations between jet fuel exposure and adverse health outcomes in multiple body systems. This study represents the largest effort to date to investigate these effects, with the intention of informing policies affecting Veterans for years to come.

Suggested Citation

  • Elizabeth R. Heitz & Nicholas A. Tilton & Justin G. Bergeron & Gregory Wolff & Jennifer A. Rusiecki & Aaron I. Schneiderman & Warren S. Monks & Christopher Edwards & Gillon D. Marchetti & Terra D. Vin, 2025. "The Long-Term Impact of Fuel Exposure (LIFE) Study: A Tri-Service Cohort of United States Veterans with Military Occupational Exposure to Jet Fuels," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(9), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:22:y:2025:i:9:p:1337-:d:1733923
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Oliver Reed & Ibrahim Jubber & Jon Griffin & Aidan P Noon & Louise Goodwin & Syed Hussain & Marcus G Cumberbatch & James W F Catto, 2020. "Occupational bladder cancer: A cross section survey of previous employments, tasks and exposures matched to cancer phenotypes," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(10), pages 1-15, October.
    2. Kelly M. Harrington & Rachel Quaden & Lea Steele & Drew A. Helmer & Elizabeth R. Hauser & Sarah T. Ahmed & Mihaela Aslan & Krishnan Radhakrishnan & Jacqueline Honerlaw & Xuan-Mai T. Nguyen & Sumitra M, 2024. "The Million Veteran Program 1990–1991 Gulf War Era Survey: An Evaluation of Veteran Response, Characteristics, and Representativeness of the Gulf War Era Veteran Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(1), pages 1-22, January.
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