IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v22y2025i5p747-d1652385.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Screening with the Bilateral Corneal Symmetry 3-D Analyzer

Author

Listed:
  • Shiva Mehravaran

    (Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA)

  • Allen Eghrari

    (Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA)

  • Siamak Yousefi

    (Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38136, USA)

  • Fahmi Khalifa

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA)

  • Guita Ghiasi

    (Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA)

  • Azadeh Farahi

    (Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Tehran P.O. Box 3475-19395, Iran)

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative platform (the Bilateral Corneal Symmetry 3-D Analyzer—BiCSA) and a novel corneal symmetry index (the Volume Between Spheres—VBS) in differentiating normal corneas from those with keratoconus. Pentacam imaging data from 30 healthy corneas and 30 keratoconus cases were analyzed. BiCSA was utilized to determine the VBS for each case. Statistical analyses included comparing mean VBS values between groups and assessing sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values (PPVs). Keratoconus patients exhibited significantly higher VBS scores compared to healthy controls, particularly within the central 4.0 mm zone (11.4 versus 6.3). Using a VBS threshold of 11.3 in the central zone identified 40% of keratoconus cases (40% sensitivity), but 100% of cases surpassing the threshold were keratoconus (100% PPV). Lowering the threshold to 10.4 increased case detection to 90% while maintaining a high PPV (84.2%). These findings suggest that VBS, particularly when focused on the central 4.0 mm zone, can be a valuable tool for early keratoconus screening and identifying potential corneal abnormalities requiring further clinical evaluation. No healthy control corneas in this study exceeded a VBS threshold of 11.4 at 4 mm, indicating that values above this warrant further investigation.

Suggested Citation

  • Shiva Mehravaran & Allen Eghrari & Siamak Yousefi & Fahmi Khalifa & Guita Ghiasi & Azadeh Farahi, 2025. "Screening with the Bilateral Corneal Symmetry 3-D Analyzer," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(5), pages 1-9, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:22:y:2025:i:5:p:747-:d:1652385
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/22/5/747/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/22/5/747/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:22:y:2025:i:5:p:747-:d:1652385. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.