Addressing Bullying and Cyberbullying in Public Health: A Systematic Review of Interventions for Healthcare and Public Health Professionals

Bullying and cyberbullying constitute urgent public health challenges, contributing to significant psychological, social, and developmental harms among youth worldwide. While schools have traditionally served as the primary context for prevention, these efforts are often limited in scope, duration, and systemic integration. Healthcare and public health professionals are uniquely positioned to contribute to early identification, prevention, and resilience-building, but their roles are not consistently integrated into bullying prevention frameworks. This systematic review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines, synthesized 12 empirical studies published between 2013 and 2023 that examined healthcare- and public health–led interventions addressing bullying and cyberbullying among children and adolescents. Using a narrative synthesis mapped onto the SHIELD framework (Strengths, Healing, Interventions, Empowerment, Learning, Development), six themes emerged: (1) screening and early identification protocols, (2) family and community involvement, (3) variable focus on mental health and well-being, (4) multi-component, school-based interventions, (5) cognitive-behavioral and solution-focused interventions, and (6) online and digital interventions. Findings highlight the potential of health professionals to deliver trauma-informed, empowerment-based, and culturally responsive approaches that extend beyond traditional educational settings. Recommendations emphasize cross-sector collaboration, integration of digital tools, and equity-centered practices to strengthen prevention, intervention, and resilience-building. This review underscores the critical role of healthcare and public health professionals in creating safer, more supportive environments for youth.