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Personhood Beliefs in Dementia Care: Influences of Race, Socioeconomic Factors, and Social Vulnerability

Author

Listed:
  • Taniya J. Koswatta

    (Sanford Center for Aging, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA)

  • Samantha Hoeper

    (Department of Health Behavior, Policy and Administration Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA)

  • Peter S. Reed

    (Sanford Center for Aging, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
    Department of Health Behavior, Policy and Administration Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA)

  • Jennifer Carson

    (Department of Health Behavior, Policy and Administration Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
    Dementia Engagement, Education, and Research (DEER) Program, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA)

Abstract

Beliefs about personhood held by healthcare professionals and care partners influence care outcomes, satisfaction, and the well-being of persons living with dementia (PLWD). This study examined differences in personhood beliefs based on demographic and contextual factors, including the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), using registration data from the Bravo Zulu care partner training program ( n = 540). Guided by the Ring Theory of Personhood, eight factors were analyzed: age, sex, race, socioeconomic status, professional discipline, healthcare experience, prior care partner training, and SVI. One-way ANOVA and independent t -tests were used to examine group-level differences, and multiple linear regression was conducted to assess the extent to which these factors predicted personhood beliefs. Race, age (borderline significance) professional discipline, and prior training as a care partner were significant predictors of personhood beliefs. Subscale analyses using ANOVA and t -test showed that beliefs about psychosocial engagement varied by SVI and healthcare experience with small effect size; however, these factors did not significantly predict of overall personhood beliefs in the regression model. Findings underscore the importance of recognizing how background characteristics shape personhood beliefs about PLWD. Promoting self-reflection and expanding culturally responsive training may support person- and relationship-centered care and improve satisfaction in multicultural care settings.

Suggested Citation

  • Taniya J. Koswatta & Samantha Hoeper & Peter S. Reed & Jennifer Carson, 2025. "Personhood Beliefs in Dementia Care: Influences of Race, Socioeconomic Factors, and Social Vulnerability," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(10), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:22:y:2025:i:10:p:1491-:d:1759449
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Julie M ZissimopoulosPhD & Bryan C TysingerMS & Patricia A St.ClairScB & Eileen M CrimminsPhD, 2018. "The Impact of Changes in Population Health and Mortality on Future Prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias in the United States," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 73(suppl_1), pages 38-47.
    2. Tanya McCance & Brendan McCormack & Paul Slater & Donna McConnell, 2021. "Examining the Theoretical Relationship between Constructs in the Person-Centred Practice Framework: A Structural Equation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Rosseel, Yves, 2012. "lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i02).
    4. Da Eun Kim & Young Ko & Paulette V. Hunter & Ju Young Yoon, 2019. "Psychometric Evaluation of the Korean Version of the Personhood in Dementia Questionnaire Using Rasch Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-13, December.
    5. Gabriele Cipriani & Gemma Borin, 2015. "Understanding dementia in the sociocultural context: A review," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 61(2), pages 198-204, March.
    6. Fatemah M. Alsaleh & Muna Elzain & Zahra K. Alsairafi & Abdallah Y. Naser, 2023. "Perceived Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) and Fear toward COVID-19 among Patients with Diabetes Attending Primary Healthcare Centers in Kuwait," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-15, January.
    7. Jennifer Carson & Taniya J. Koswatta & Samantha Hoeper & Peter S. Reed, 2025. "Increasing Care Partners’ Capacity for Supporting Individuals Living with Dementia Through Bravo Zulu: Achieving Excellence in Relationship-Centered Dementia Care," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 22(7), pages 1-14, June.
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