The Impact of HPV Diagnosis and Abnormal Cervical Cytology Results on Sexual Dysfunction and Anxiety

Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of HPV diagnosis on the sexual function and anxiety levels of Turkish women. Methods: A total of 274 female patients who tested positive with HPV were included in the study and categorized into four groups: Group 1 (HPV 16/18 with normal cytology), Group 2 (HPV 16/18 with abnormal cytology), Group 3 (other high-strain HPV with normal cytology), and Group 4 (other high-strain HPV with abnormal cytology). All patients filled out the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) at the time when they tested positive for HPV and during the two-month and six-month follow-ups. Results: Significant increases were observed in BAI scores in all four groups, whereas significant decreases were observed in total FSFI scores in Groups 1 and 2 only( p < 0.05). BAI scores of Groups 1 and 2 were significantly higher than those of Groups 3 and 4 ( p < 0.05). FSFI scores of Groups 1 and 2 measured during the sixth-month follow-up were significantly decreased ( p = 0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that patients with HPV 16 and 18 positivity and abnormal cytological findings are more likely to have high anxiety and sexual dysfunction.