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Physical and Motor Fitness Tests for Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review

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  • Luis Galhardas

    (Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais, 7000-727 Évora, Portugal
    Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Palácio do Vimioso, Gabinete 256, Largo Marquês de Marialva, Apart. 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal)

  • Armando Raimundo

    (Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais, 7000-727 Évora, Portugal
    Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Palácio do Vimioso, Gabinete 256, Largo Marquês de Marialva, Apart. 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal)

  • Jesús Del Pozo-Cruz

    (Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
    Epidemiology of Physical Activity and Fitness across Lifespan Research Group (EPAFit), University of Seville, 41013 Sevilla, Spain)

  • José Marmeleira

    (Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais, 7000-727 Évora, Portugal
    Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Palácio do Vimioso, Gabinete 256, Largo Marquês de Marialva, Apart. 94, 7002-554 Évora, Portugal)

Abstract

This systematic review aimed to identify the physical/motor fitness tests for nursing home residents and to examine their psychometric properties. Electronic databases were searched for articles published between January 2005 and October 2021 using MeSh terms and relevant keywords. Of the total of 4196 studies identified, 3914 were excluded based on title, abstracts, or because they were duplicates. The remaining 282 studies were full-text analyzed, and 41 were excluded, resulting in 241 studies included in the review. The most common physical component assessed was muscle strength; 174 (72.2%) studies assessed this component. Balance (138 studies, 57.3%) and agility (102 studies, 42.3%) were the second and third components, respectively, most widely assessed. In this review, we also describe the most used assessment tests for each physical/motor component. Some potentially relevant components such as manual dexterity and proprioception have been little considered. There are few studies assessing the psychometric properties of the tests for nursing home residents, although the data show that, in general, they are reliable. This review provides valuable information to researchers and health-care professionals regarding the physical/motor tests used in nursing home residences, helping them select the screening tools that could most closely fit their study objectives.

Suggested Citation

  • Luis Galhardas & Armando Raimundo & Jesús Del Pozo-Cruz & José Marmeleira, 2022. "Physical and Motor Fitness Tests for Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-29, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:5058-:d:798774
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniele Magistro & Fabio Carlevaro & Francesca Magno & Martina Simon & Nicola Camp & Noel Kinrade & Massimiliano Zecca & Giovanni Musella, 2021. "Effects of 1 Year of Lifestyle Intervention on Institutionalized Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Raquel Pedrero-Chamizo & Ulrike Albers & Gonzalo Palacios & Klaus Pietrzik & Agustín Meléndez & Marcela González-Gross, 2020. "Health Risk, Functional Markers and Cognitive Status in Institutionalized Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-13, October.
    3. Maylos Rodrigo-Claverol & Belén Malla-Clua & Carme Marquilles-Bonet & Joaquim Sol & Júlia Jové-Naval & Meritxell Sole-Pujol & Marta Ortega-Bravo, 2020. "Animal-Assisted Therapy Improves Communication and Mobility among Institutionalized People with Cognitive Impairment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-14, August.
    4. Elisabeth Wiken Telenius & Knut Engedal & Astrid Bergland, 2013. "Physical Performance and Quality of Life of Nursing-Home Residents with Mild and Moderate Dementia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, December.
    5. Maria A. Cebrià i Iranzo & Anna Arnal-Gómez & Maria A. Tortosa-Chuliá & Mercè Balasch-Bernat & Silvia Forcano & Trinidad Sentandreu-Mañó & Jose M. Tomas & Natalia Cezón-Serrano, 2020. "Functional and Clinical Characteristics for Predicting Sarcopenia in Institutionalised Older Adults: Identifying Tools for Clinical Screening," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-15, June.
    6. Natalia Wołoszyn & Joanna Grzegorczyk & Agnieszka Wiśniowska-Szurlej & Justyna Kilian & Andrzej Kwolek, 2020. "Psychophysical Health Factors and Its Correlations in Elderly Wheelchair Users Who Live in Nursing Homes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-16, March.
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