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Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Severity Is Negatively Associated with Depressive Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Outpatients with Suspected Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Japan

Author

Listed:
  • Kazuki Ito

    (Department of Anesthesiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan)

  • Masahiro Uetsu

    (Sleep Outpatient Unit for Sleep Apnea Syndrome, Nagahama City Hospital, 313 Ohinui-Cho, Nagahama 526-0043, Japan)

  • Ayaka Ubara

    (Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
    Graduate School of Psychology, Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Research Fellowships, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan)

  • Arichika Matsuda

    (Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan)

  • Yukiyoshi Sumi

    (Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan)

  • Hiroshi Kadotani

    (Sleep Outpatient Unit for Sleep Apnea Syndrome, Nagahama City Hospital, 313 Ohinui-Cho, Nagahama 526-0043, Japan
    Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan)

Abstract

Background: Multiple clinical departments are involved in the provision of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) therapy in Japan. Inconsistent results regarding the association between depression and OSA have been reported. Methods: This cross-sectional survey compared newly diagnosed OSA patients at two outpatient sleep apnoea units in Shiga Prefecture, Japan: one associated with the psychiatry department ( n = 583), and the other with the otolaryngology department ( n = 450). Results: The unit associated with the psychiatry department had more patients referred by psychiatrists than that with the otolaryngology department (11% vs. 3% p < 0.05). Sleepiness, insomnia, and depression were assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. The ESS, AIS, and PHQ-9 scores were higher in the sleep unit in the psychiatry department ( p < 0.001 each). Snoring and moderate to severe OSA were more prevalent in the unit attached to the otolaryngology department ( p < 0.001 each). Patients with moderate to severe OSA had lower PHQ-9 scores than those with no to mild OSA (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92–1.00, p = 0.042). Conclusion: Patients with sleepiness, insomnia, and depressive symptoms were more likely to attend a sleep outpatient unit associated with a psychiatry department, whereas those with snoring and sleep apnoea attended that associated with an otolaryngology department. OSA severity was negatively associated with depressive symptoms.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazuki Ito & Masahiro Uetsu & Ayaka Ubara & Arichika Matsuda & Yukiyoshi Sumi & Hiroshi Kadotani, 2022. "Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Severity Is Negatively Associated with Depressive Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Outpatients with Suspected Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:5007-:d:798038
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kentaro Okuno & Akifumi Furuhashi & Shuhei Nakamura & Hiroshi Suzuki & Takehiro Arisaka & Hitoshi Taga & Masataka Tamura & Haruto Katahira & Minoru Furuhata & Chisato Iida, 2019. "Japanese Cross-Sectional Multicenter Survey (JAMS) of Oral Appliance Therapy in the Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-9, September.
    2. Chie Omichi & Hiroshi Kadotani & Yukiyoshi Sumi & Ayaka Ubara & Kohei Nishikawa & Arichika Matsuda & Yuji Ozeki & the NinJaSleep Study Group, 2022. "Prolonged Sleep Latency and Reduced REM Latency Are Associated with Depressive Symptoms in a Japanese Working Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-10, February.
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