IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i9p4964-d797268.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Associations of Dietary Intake with Urinary Melamine and Derivative Concentrations among Children in the GAPPS Cohort

Author

Listed:
  • Melissa M. Melough

    (Department of Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA)

  • Drew B. Day

    (Department of Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA)

  • Amanda M. Fretts

    (Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98195, USA)

  • Sarah Wang

    (Department of Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA)

  • Joseph T. Flynn

    (Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
    Division of Nephrology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA 98105, USA)

  • Ian H. de Boer

    (Division of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA)

  • Hongkai Zhu

    (Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA)

  • Kurunthachalam Kannan

    (Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA)

  • Sheela Sathyanarayana

    (Department of Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
    Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA)

Abstract

Melamine is a nephrotoxic industrial chemical. Diet is one source of melamine exposure, yet little work has examined the main dietary contributors, particularly among children. We evaluated associations of diet with urinary melamine and derivative concentrations among 123 children aged 4–6 years in the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth cohort. Children’s diets on the day preceding urine collection were assessed using 24-h dietary recalls. Associations of meat, fruit, and grain intakes with melamine exposure were examined using multiple linear regression. Remaining food groups were examined in secondary analyses. Mean (SD) melamine, ammelide, and cyanuric acid concentrations were 6.1 (12.4), 1.9 (2.1), and 60.6 (221.2) ng/mL, respectively. The second tertile of red meat consumers had 98% (95% CI: 15%, 241%) greater melamine exposure than non-consumers, yet the highest consumers did not have increased exposure. Greater consumption of certain fruits was associated with lower urinary ammelide. The top yogurt consumers had 112% (95% CI: 29%, 247%) greater melamine exposure than non-consumers. Consumption of starchy vegetables excluding potatoes was associated with 139% (95% CI: 6%, 437%) greater urinary ammelide. These observed associations should be confirmed in future studies using larger samples and increased monitoring of non-dietary routes of exposure.

Suggested Citation

  • Melissa M. Melough & Drew B. Day & Amanda M. Fretts & Sarah Wang & Joseph T. Flynn & Ian H. de Boer & Hongkai Zhu & Kurunthachalam Kannan & Sheela Sathyanarayana, 2022. "Associations of Dietary Intake with Urinary Melamine and Derivative Concentrations among Children in the GAPPS Cohort," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-13, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:4964-:d:797268
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/9/4964/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/9/4964/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:4964-:d:797268. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.