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Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Levels in Pregnant Women with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Case-Control Study

Author

Listed:
  • Nazaret Ferrer-Sánchez

    (Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Torrecárdenas Hospital, 04009 Almería, Spain)

  • Marina Díaz-Goicoechea

    (Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Torrecárdenas Hospital, 04009 Almería, Spain)

  • Victoria Mayoral-Cesar

    (Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Torrecárdenas Hospital, 04009 Almería, Spain)

  • Silvia García-Solbas

    (Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Vithas Virgen del Mar Hospital, 04120 Almería, Spain)

  • Bruno José Nievas-Soriano

    (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain)

  • Tesifón Parrón-Carreño

    (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain)

  • Ana María Fernández-Alonso

    (Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Torrecárdenas Hospital, 04009 Almería, Spain
    Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Vithas Virgen del Mar Hospital, 04120 Almería, Spain)

Abstract

The physiological changes during pregnancy may increase the risk of complications in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid hormone and its role in immunity is appears to be of particular importance in this recent pandemic. Nevertheless, there is little research about the role of vitamin D levels regarding COVID-19 in pregnant women to date. This study aimed to establish a relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in pregnant women and COVID-19. A comparative case-control study was performed with a study population of 256 pregnant women (82 pregnant women with infection and 174 women in control group). Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection than in those without infection. In addition, 89% of COVID-19-positive pregnant women had 25(OH)D deficiency, while in the control group the percentage was 75.30%, finding statistically significant differences (ORa = 2.68; 95% CI 1.19–6.06; p = 0.01). Our results find a relationship between vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and COVID-19 infection. This finding could be relevant for actual clinical practice. Thus, more research is needed in this field.

Suggested Citation

  • Nazaret Ferrer-Sánchez & Marina Díaz-Goicoechea & Victoria Mayoral-Cesar & Silvia García-Solbas & Bruno José Nievas-Soriano & Tesifón Parrón-Carreño & Ana María Fernández-Alonso, 2022. "Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Levels in Pregnant Women with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-11, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:7:p:3965-:d:780448
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