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Pregnancy Activity Levels and Impediments in the Era of COVID-19 Based on the Health Belief Model: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Hongli Yu

    (Department of Sport, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland)

  • Juan He

    (Department of Sport, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland)

  • Anna Szumilewicz

    (Department of Sport, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland)

Abstract

Physical activity (PA) and exercise benefit both the mother and the fetus. Many pregnant women avoid or severely limit PA, leading to complications before and after delivery. This study elucidated the precise effect of each moderator variable on prenatal physical activity (PPA) by examining demographic factors, the PPA-related health belief level (HBL), and the current PPA level. The health belief model (HBM) in conjunction with the international prenatal physical activity questionnaire was used. The HBL in pregnant parous women (PPW) (3.42) was significantly higher than that in nonpregnant nulliparous women (NNW) (3.06). The PPA level in pregnant nulliparous women (PNW) (5.67 metabolic equivalent-hours per week (MET-h/week)) was lower than in the PPW (6.01 MET-h/week). All HBM dimensions (except for perceived barriers) were positively correlated with exercise expenditure in both PNW and PPW. According to the regression tree, participants in PNW aged ≤ 23 years with annual household incomes > CNY 100,001–150,000 had the highest energy expenditure (10.75 MET-h/week), whereas participants in PPW with a perceived benefit score of >4 had the highest energy expenditure (10 MET-h/week). The results demonstrated that the HBL in all groups was acceptable, whereas the PPA level was lower than the recommended PA level. In both PPW and PNW, the HBL was most strongly correlated with exercise expenditure. There is an urgent need to organize public-interest courses to alleviate household expenditure, raise the HBL about PPA in pregnant and NNW, and ensure personal health in the context of COVID-19.

Suggested Citation

  • Hongli Yu & Juan He & Anna Szumilewicz, 2022. "Pregnancy Activity Levels and Impediments in the Era of COVID-19 Based on the Health Belief Model: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-18, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:6:p:3283-:d:768475
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hongli Yu & Chen Sun & Bo Sun & Xiaohui Chen & Zhijun Tan, 2021. "Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Actual Exercise Intensity and Rating of Perceived Exertion in the Overweight and Obese Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-20, December.
    2. Victoria L. Meah & Morgan C. Strynadka & Rshmi Khurana & Margie H. Davenport, 2021. "Physical Activity Behaviors and Barriers in Multifetal Pregnancy: What to Expect When You’re Expecting More," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-17, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Juan He & Hongli Yu & Man Jiang & Anna Szumilewicz, 2023. "Physical Activity Programs in Shanxi Province Schools in China: Effects of In-School and After-School Delivery on Students’ Motivational and Social Outcomes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-14, May.

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