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Clinical Outcomes Following a Change in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Diagnostic Criteria Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case-Control Study

Author

Listed:
  • Niamh Keating

    (UCD Perinatal Research Centre, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Kirsten Carpenter

    (UCD School of Medicine, 4 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Kelsey McCarthy

    (UCD School of Medicine, 4 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Ciara Coveney

    (Department of Midwifery, National Maternity Hospital, 2 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Fionnuala McAuliffe

    (UCD Perinatal Research Centre, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Rhona Mahony

    (Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National Maternity Hospital, 2 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Jennifer Walsh

    (UCD Perinatal Research Centre, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Mensud Hatunic

    (Department of Endocrinology, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, 7 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Mary Higgins

    (UCD Perinatal Research Centre, National Maternity Hospital, University College Dublin, 4 Dublin, Ireland)

Abstract

Background: Due to COVID-19, many centres adopted a change to the diagnosis of GDM. Methods: A case-control study of antenatal patients between 1 April and 30 June in 2019 and 2020 looking at detection rates of GDM, use of medication, obstetric, and fetal outcomes. Results: During COVID-19, the rate of positive GDM tests approximately halved (20% (42/210) in 2020 vs. 42.2% (92/218) in 2019, ( p < 0.01)) with higher rates of requirement for insulin at diagnosis (21.4% (2020) vs. 2.2% (2019); p < 0.01), and at term (31% (2020) vs. 5.4% (2019); p < 0.01). and metformin at diagnosis (4.8% (2020) vs. 1.1% (2019); p < 0.01), and at term (14.3% (2020) vs. 7.6% (2019) p < 0.01), with no differences in birth outcomes. Conclusions: There was likely an underdiagnosis of GDM while women at a higher risk of hyperglycaemia were correctly identified. The GTT should be maintained as the gold-standard test where possible, with provisions made for social distancing during testing if required.

Suggested Citation

  • Niamh Keating & Kirsten Carpenter & Kelsey McCarthy & Ciara Coveney & Fionnuala McAuliffe & Rhona Mahony & Jennifer Walsh & Mensud Hatunic & Mary Higgins, 2022. "Clinical Outcomes Following a Change in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Diagnostic Criteria Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-10, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1884-:d:744248
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