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Development and Validation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Questionnaire: Toward Safe Working in Confined Spaces

Author

Listed:
  • Hamiza Ngah

    (Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia)

  • Suhaily Mohd Hairon

    (Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia)

  • Nurul Ainun Hamzah

    (Environmental and Occupational Health Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia)

  • Shahronizam Noordin

    (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Bangi 43650, Selangor, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Nazri Shafei

    (Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia)

Abstract

Confined space workers do a wide range of tasks, many of which have a significant risk of hazardous exposure. Hence, a reliable and valid questionnaire is important in assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of workers in this field. The present study was conducted to develop and validate a questionnaire that could assess the KAP for safe working in a confined space. The questionnaire went through a development and validation process. The development stage consisted of a literature review, expert’s opinion, and evaluation by experts in the field via cognitive debriefing. The validation stage encompassed exploratory and confirmatory parts to investigate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire. A total of 350 participants were recruited among confined space workers from two oil and gas companies in Malaysia. The two-parameter logistic item response theory (2-PL IRT) analysis was used for the knowledge section. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used in the attitude and practice sections of the validation stage. The development stage resulted in 30 items for knowledge, attitude, and practice sections. Items in the knowledge section showed an acceptable difficulty and discrimination, as noted during the 2-PL IRT analysis. The EFA resulted in a one-factor model for attitude and practice sections, and contained 18 items, with factor loading > 0.4. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.804 and 0.917 for attitude and practice sections, respectively. The CFA for attitude and practice sections indicated a good model fitness (Raykov’s rho = 0.814 and 0.912, respectively). All items indicated good reliability and valid psychometrics for determining KAP on safe working in a confined space.

Suggested Citation

  • Hamiza Ngah & Suhaily Mohd Hairon & Nurul Ainun Hamzah & Shahronizam Noordin & Mohd Nazri Shafei, 2022. "Development and Validation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Questionnaire: Toward Safe Working in Confined Spaces," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1242-:d:731114
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bruno José Nievas Soriano & Sonia García Duarte & Ana María Fernández Alonso & Antonio Bonillo Perales & Tesifón Parrón Carreño, 2020. "Validation of a Questionnaire Developed to Evaluate a Pediatric eHealth Website for Parents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-10, April.
    2. Chien-Chen Chiu & Yi-Ming Chang & Terng-Jou Wan, 2020. "Characteristic Analysis of Occupational Confined Space Accidents in Taiwan and Its Prevention Strategy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-13, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kaisheng Lai & Yingxin Yang & Yuxiang Na & Haixia Wang, 2022. "The Relationship between Bullshit Receptivity and Willingness to Share Misinformation about Climate Change: The Moderating Role of Pregnancy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Hamiza Ngah & Suhaily Mohd Hairon & Nurul Ainun Hamzah & Shahronizam Noordin & Mohd Nazri Shafei, 2022. "Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Safe Working in Confined Space among Male Water Services Workers in the Central Region of Malaysia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-15, June.

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