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Indoor Air Pollution Increases the Risk of Lung Cancer

Author

Listed:
  • Ke-Cheng Chen

    (Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
    Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan)

  • Shih-Wei Tsai

    (Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
    Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan)

  • Ruei-Hao Shie

    (Green Energy & Environmental Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan)

  • Chian Zeng

    (Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan)

  • Hsiao-Yu Yang

    (Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
    Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
    Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan)

Abstract

(1) Background: Cooking and burning incense are important sources of indoor air pollutants. No studies have provided biological evidence of air pollutants in the lungs to support this association. Analysis of pleural fluid may be used to measure the internal exposure dose of air pollutants in the lung. The objective of this study was to provide biological evidence of indoor air pollutants and estimate their risk of lung cancer. (2) Methods: We analyzed 14 common air pollutants in the pleural fluid of 39 cases of lung adenocarcinoma and 40 nonmalignant controls by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. (3) Results: When we excluded the current smokers and adjusted for age, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were 2.22 (95% confidence interval CI = 0.77–6.44) for habitual cooking at home and 3.05 (95% CI = 1.06–8.84) for indoor incense burning. In females, the adjusted ORs were 5.39 (95% CI = 1.11–26.20) for habitual cooking at home and 6.01 (95% CI = 1.14–31.66) for indoor incense burning. In pleural fluid, the most important exposure biomarkers for lung cancer were naphthalene, ethylbenzene, and o-xylene. (4) Conclusions: Habitual cooking and indoor incense burning increased the risk of lung adenocarcinoma.

Suggested Citation

  • Ke-Cheng Chen & Shih-Wei Tsai & Ruei-Hao Shie & Chian Zeng & Hsiao-Yu Yang, 2022. "Indoor Air Pollution Increases the Risk of Lung Cancer," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1164-:d:729794
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