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The Value of Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) as a Prognostic Tool in Predicting Mortality in COVID-19—A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

Listed:
  • Magdalena Jachymek

    (Department of Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Aleksandra Cader

    (Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Powskańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Michał Ptak

    (Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Powskańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Wojciech Witkiewicz

    (Department of Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Adam Grzegorz Szymański

    (Department of Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Katarzyna Kotfis

    (Department Anesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Acute Intoxications, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Jarosław Kaźmierczak

    (Department of Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland)

  • Aleksandra Szylińska

    (Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland)

Abstract

Background: Due to the unpredictable nature of COVID-19, there is a need to identify patients at high risk of severe course of the disease and a higher mortality rate. Objective: This study aims to find the correlation between frailty and mortality in adult, hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Methods: Clinical records of 201 patients who suffered from COVID-19 and were hospitalized between October 2020 and February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical data were collected. Patients were assessed using Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and were divided into three groups: CFS 1–3 fit; CFS 4–6 vulnerable and with mild to moderate frailty; CSF 7–9, severe frailty. The association between frailty and in-hospital mortality was the primary outcome. Results: Severe frailty or terminal illness was observed in 26 patients (12.94%) from a cohort of 201 patients. Those patients were older (median age 80.73, p < 0.001) and had more comorbidities. Frailty was also associated with higher requirement for oxygen supplementation, greater risk of in-hospital complications and worse biochemical laboratory results. An increase in CFS score also correlated with higher mortality (OR = 1.89, p < 0.001). The Conclusions: Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) can be used as a potentially useful tool in predicting mortality in patients with COVID-19.

Suggested Citation

  • Magdalena Jachymek & Aleksandra Cader & Michał Ptak & Wojciech Witkiewicz & Adam Grzegorz Szymański & Katarzyna Kotfis & Jarosław Kaźmierczak & Aleksandra Szylińska, 2022. "The Value of Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) as a Prognostic Tool in Predicting Mortality in COVID-19—A Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1104-:d:728423
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ronald Chow & James Im & Nicholas Chiu & Leonard Chiu & Rahul Aggarwal & Jihui Lee & Young-Geun Choi & Elizabeth Horn Prsic & Hyun Joon Shin, 2021. "The protective association between statins use and adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(6), pages 1-13, June.
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