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The Spectrum of Thyroid Nodules at Kinshasa University Hospital, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Cross-Sectional Study

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  • John Kakamba Bukasa

    (Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kinshasa Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
    Department of Endocrinology, Liège University Hospital Center, 4000 Liège, Belgium)

  • Pascal Bayauli-Mwasa

    (Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kinshasa Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

  • Branly Kilola Mbunga

    (Kinshasa School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

  • Ayrton Bangolo

    (Department of Internal Medicine, Hackensack University Medical Center/Palisades Medical Center, North Bergen, NJ 07047, USA)

  • Wivine Kavula

    (Kinshasa School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

  • Jean Mukaya

    (Radiology and Medical Imaging Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Kinshasa, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

  • Joseph Bindingija

    (Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kinshasa Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

  • Jean-René M’Buyamba-Kabangu

    (Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kinshasa Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Abstract

We analyzed the spectrum of thyroid nodules in patients attending the endocrinology unit care of the Kinshasa University Hospital and assessed their associated factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study, performing descriptive statistics and logistic regression. From the 888 enrolled patients, thyroid nodules were detected in 658 patients (74.1%), as mononodules in 22.5% and multiple nodules in 77.5%. Thyroid function was normal in 71.3% cases, while hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were found in 26.1% and 2.6% of cases, respectively. Women were more affected than men (75.1% vs. 63.6%; p = 0.03). Patients with thyroid nodules were older (44 ± 12 vs. 38 ± 12 years; p < 0.001), with a family history of goiter (38.3% vs. 27.4%; p = 0.003) and residence in the iodine-deficient region (51.7% vs. 38.8%; p = 0.012); they had a higher proportion of longer delays to consultation (47% vs. 20%; p < 0.001), but a higher rate of normal thyroid function (85.5% vs. 3 1.3%; p < 0.001). Thyroid nodules were associated with the delay to consultation (for duration ≥ three years, OR: 6.560 [95% CI: 3.525–12.208)], multiparity (present vs. absent: 2.863 [1.475–5.557]) and family history of goiter (present vs. absent: 2.086 [95% CI:1.231–3.534]) in female patients alone. The high frequency of thyroid nodules observed requires measures aimed at early detection in the population, the training of doctors involved in the management and the strengthening of technical platforms in our hospitals.

Suggested Citation

  • John Kakamba Bukasa & Pascal Bayauli-Mwasa & Branly Kilola Mbunga & Ayrton Bangolo & Wivine Kavula & Jean Mukaya & Joseph Bindingija & Jean-René M’Buyamba-Kabangu, 2022. "The Spectrum of Thyroid Nodules at Kinshasa University Hospital, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-9, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:16203-:d:992714
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hua Jiang & Yongfeng Tian & Wenhua Yan & Yue Kong & Haibin Wang & Anping Wang & Jingtao Dou & Ping Liang & Yiming Mu, 2016. "The Prevalence of Thyroid Nodules and an Analysis of Related Lifestyle Factors in Beijing Communities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-11, April.
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