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Influence of the Cognitive and Emotional Status of Patients with Chronic Pain on Treatment Success (Reduction in Pain Intensity and Adherence to Pharmacotherapy): A Prospective Study

Author

Listed:
  • Dijana Hnatešen

    (Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Nursing Institute “Professor Radivoje Radić”, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Clinical Department of Pain Management, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Ivan Radoš

    (Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Clinical Department of Pain Management, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Iva Dimitrijević

    (Clinical Department of Pain Management, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Dino Budrovac

    (Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Clinical Department of Pain Management, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Ivan Omrčen

    (Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Clinical Department of Pain Management, University Hospital Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Roman Pavić

    (Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Clinical Hospital of Traumatology, University Hospital Centre “Sestre Milosrdnice”, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

  • Ivana Gusar

    (Department of Health Studies, University of Zadar, 23000 Zadar, Croatia)

  • Maja Čebohin

    (Nursing Institute “Professor Radivoje Radić”, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Medical School Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Krešimir Šolić

    (Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
    Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

Abstract

This prospective study aimed to determine the cognitive and emotional status among patients with chronic pain and to examine the potential influence on the treatment success, measured by the reduction in pain intensity and adherence to pharmacotherapy. A total of seventy patients were followed for two months. The results of the comparison between patients who did and did not follow the physician’s instructions regarding adherence to pharmacotherapy showed a significant difference in cognitive status and a reduction in pain intensity. Patients who followed the physician’s instructions on taking analgesics had significantly higher scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) of cognitive status and a substantially higher reduction in pain intensity. Scores on the MoCA test provide statistically significant indications regarding patients’ decision to follow instructions regarding adherence to pharmacotherapy. Scores on the MoCA test, anxiety, age, and pain intensity (measured with a numeric rating scale—NRS) on admission were identified as potential predictors for the reduction in pain intensity. The linear regression model was statistically significant ( χ 2 = 40.0, p < 0.001), explained between 43.5% and 61.1% of variance regarding the reduction in pain intensity. The findings of this study show that cognitive status, measured with MoCA, and emotional status, measured with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), significantly influence the reduction in pain intensity and adherence to pharmacotherapy. The results suggest that cognitive and emotional status may be potential predictors of treatment success. This finding points to the importance of a biopsychosocial approach in the treatment of chronic pain, where an important emphasis can be placed on the psychosocial determinants of pain.

Suggested Citation

  • Dijana Hnatešen & Ivan Radoš & Iva Dimitrijević & Dino Budrovac & Ivan Omrčen & Roman Pavić & Ivana Gusar & Maja Čebohin & Krešimir Šolić, 2022. "Influence of the Cognitive and Emotional Status of Patients with Chronic Pain on Treatment Success (Reduction in Pain Intensity and Adherence to Pharmacotherapy): A Prospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-12, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:23:p:15968-:d:988713
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohsen Bazargan & Margarita Loeza & Tavonia Ekwegh & Edward K. Adinkrah & Lucy W. Kibe & Sharon Cobb & Shervin Assari & Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi, 2021. "Multi-Dimensional Impact of Chronic Low Back Pain among Underserved African American and Latino Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-18, July.
    2. Shu-Mei Chang & I-Cheng Lu & Yi-Chun Chen & Chin-Feng Hsuan & Yin-Jin Lin & Hung-Yi Chuang, 2021. "Behavioral Factors Associated with Medication Nonadherence in Patients with Hypertension," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-11, September.
    3. Dijana Hnatešen & Roman Pavić & Ivan Radoš & Iva Dimitrijević & Dino Budrovac & Maja Čebohin & Ivana Gusar, 2022. "Quality of Life and Mental Distress in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-11, August.
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    1. Dino Budrovac & Ivan Radoš & Dijana Hnatešen & Ivana Haršanji-Drenjančević & Ozana Katarina Tot & Franjo Katić & Iva Lukić & Sonja Škiljić & Nenad Nešković & Iva Dimitrijević, 2023. "Effectiveness of Epidural Steroid Injection Depending on Discoradicular Contact: A Prospective Randomized Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-13, February.

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