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Left Ventricular, Left Atrial and Right Ventricular Strain Modifications after Maximal Exercise in Elite Ski-Mountaineering Athletes: A Feasibility Speckle Tracking Study

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  • Paul Zimmermann

    (Department of Cardiology, Klinikum Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
    Interdisciplinary Center of Sportsmedicine Bamberg, Klinikum Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
    Division of Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, BaySpo-Bayreuth Center of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Max L. Eckstein

    (Division of Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, BaySpo-Bayreuth Center of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Othmar Moser

    (Division of Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, BaySpo-Bayreuth Center of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany)

  • Isabelle Schöffl

    (Interdisciplinary Center of Sportsmedicine Bamberg, Klinikum Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
    Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
    School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds LS1 3HE, UK)

  • Lukas Zimmermann

    (Interdisciplinary Center of Sportsmedicine Bamberg, Klinikum Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany)

  • Volker Schöffl

    (Interdisciplinary Center of Sportsmedicine Bamberg, Klinikum Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany
    School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds LS1 3HE, UK
    Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nurnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
    Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Klinikum Bamberg, 96049 Bamberg, Germany)

Abstract

Eleven world elite ski-mountaineering (Ski-Mo) athletes were evaluated for pronounced echocardiographic physiological remodeling as the primary aim of our feasibility speckle tracking study. In this context, sports-related cardiac remodeling was analyzed by performing two-dimensional echocardiography, including speckle tracking analysis of the left atrium (LA), right ventricle (RV) and left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) at rest and post-peak performance. The feasibility echocardiographic speckle tracking analysis was performed on eleven elite Ski-Mo athletes, which were obtained in 2022 during the annual medical examination. The obtained data of the professional Ski-Mo athletes (11 athletes, age: 18–26 years) were compared for different echocardiographic parameters at rest and post-exercise. Significant differences were found for LV-GLS mean ( p = 0.0036) and phasic LA conduit strain pattern at rest and post-exercise ( p = 0.0033). Furthermore, negative correlation between LV mass and LV-GLS ( p = 0.0195, r = −0.69) and LV mass Index and LV-GLS ( p = 0.0253, r = −0.66) at rest were elucidated. This descriptive reporting provided, for the first time, a sport-specific dynamic remodeling of an entire elite national team of the Ski-Mo athlete’s left heart and elucidated differences in the dynamic deformation pattern of the left heart.

Suggested Citation

  • Paul Zimmermann & Max L. Eckstein & Othmar Moser & Isabelle Schöffl & Lukas Zimmermann & Volker Schöffl, 2022. "Left Ventricular, Left Atrial and Right Ventricular Strain Modifications after Maximal Exercise in Elite Ski-Mountaineering Athletes: A Feasibility Speckle Tracking Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:20:p:13153-:d:940689
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anne-Fleur Gaston & Adrià Marti Peiro & Ilona Hapkova & Fabienne Durand, 2019. "Exploring physiological parameters in ski mountaineering during world cup races," International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(3), pages 275-288, May.
    2. Paul Zimmermann & Jan Wüstenfeld & Lukas Zimmermann & Volker Schöffl & Isabelle Schöffl, 2022. "Physiological Aspects of World Elite Competitive German Winter Sport Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-11, May.
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