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Heuristic Learning as a Method for Improving Students’ Teamwork Skills in Physical Education

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  • Tiziana D’Isanto

    (Department of Human, Philosophical and Education Sciences, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy 2 Departamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain 3 Department of Political and Social Studies, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy)

  • Sara Aliberti

    (Departamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain)

  • Gaetano Altavilla

    (Department of Human, Philosophical and Education Sciences, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy 2 Departamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain 3 Department of Political and Social Studies, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy)

  • Giovanni Esposito

    (Department of Political and Social Studies, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy)

  • Francesca D’Elia

    (Department of Human, Philosophical and Education Sciences, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy 2 Departamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain 3 Department of Political and Social Studies, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy)

Abstract

Transversal skills are the knowledge, skills, and personal qualities that are currently needed to meet the demands of the working world and everyday life. Schools have the task of equipping students with these skills, working not only on disciplinary goals but also on operational–behavioral goals. In 2018, the European Union adopted new recommendations on eight key competencies for lifelong learning and asked schools to implement new methods to develop these recommendations. To be successful, it is necessary to stimulate students’ development of these competences, which are also called soft skills, from the earliest years of the school experience. Physical education (PE) is called upon to make its contribution. In Italy, the two teaching methods used during PE classes are prescriptive teaching and heuristic learning. It is not clear which of the two methods is the most effective in improving soft skills, especially the skills involved in teamwork. The objective of this article was to compare the effects of these two teaching methods on students’ teamwork skills during PE classes in primary schools. After verifying the normality of the data, a Student’s t -test for dependent samples was performed to assess pre-test and post-test differences in each of two groups, while a Student’s t -test for independent samples was performed to compare the two groups after 3 months. Heuristic learning proved to be the most effective method for improving teamwork skills. The results may make an important contribution to future teacher training on the most effective teaching methods for developing students’ soft skills.

Suggested Citation

  • Tiziana D’Isanto & Sara Aliberti & Gaetano Altavilla & Giovanni Esposito & Francesca D’Elia, 2022. "Heuristic Learning as a Method for Improving Students’ Teamwork Skills in Physical Education," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-9, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:19:p:12596-:d:931948
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pietro Luigi Invernizzi & Gabriele Signorini & Dario Colella & Gaetano Raiola & Andrea Bosio & Raffaele Scurati, 2020. "Assessing Rolling Abilities in Primary School Children: Physical Education Specialists vs. Generalists," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-19, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yuetao Liu & Songhui You & Zhiyuan Wang, 2022. "The Moderating Role of Sociability and Social Connection for the Relationship between Soccer Participation and Teamwork Ability among Chinese College Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-11, November.

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