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Differences in Oral Lesions Associated with Tobacco Smoking, E-Cigarette Use and COVID-19 Infection among Adolescents and Young People in Nigeria

Author

Listed:
  • Omolola Alade

    (Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Nigeria)

  • Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan

    (Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Nigeria)

  • Abiola Adeniyi

    (Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada)

  • Yewande Isabella Adeyemo

    (Department of Child Dental Health, Bayero University, Kano 700233, Nigeria)

  • Afolabi Oyapero

    (Department of Preventive Dentistry, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja 100271, Nigeria)

  • Olubukola Olamide Olatosi

    (Department of Preventive Dental Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
    Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada)

  • Chioma Nzomiwu

    (Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar 540271, Nigeria)

  • Bamidele Olubukola Popoola

    (Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria)

  • Joycelyn Eigbobo

    (Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt 500004, Nigeria)

  • Elizabeth Oziegbe

    (Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, Nigeria)

  • Titus Oyedele

    (Dental Unit, Department of Surgery, Benjamin Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine, Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo 121103, Nigeria)

  • Maha El Tantawi

    (Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt)

  • Heba Jafar Sabbagh

    (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

COVID-19 infection is associated with oral lesions which may be exacerbated by tobacco smoking or e-cigarette use. This study assessed the oral lesions associated with the use of e-cigarettes, tobacco smoking, and COVID-19 among adolescents and young people in Nigeria. A national survey recruited 11–23-year-old participants from the 36 States of Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Data were collected using Survey Monkey ® . Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted. Statistical significance was set at p -value less than 0.05. There were 2870 participants, of which 386 (13.4%) were tobacco smokers, 167 (5.8%) e-cigarette users, and 401 (14.0%) were both e-cigarette and tobacco users; and 344 (12.0%) had ever tested positive to COVID-19. Adolescents and young people who smoked tobacco had more than twice the odds of reporting gingival inflammation, oral ulcers, dry mouth, and changes in taste than those who did not smoke. Those who used e-cigarettes had 1.5 times higher odds of reporting oral lesions. Respondents who had COVID-19 infection had higher odds of reporting gingival inflammation and lower odds of reporting dry mouth than those who did not have COVID-19 infection. These findings were significant, and may help clinicians to screen for tobacco use and COVID-19 among adolescents and young people in Nigeria.

Suggested Citation

  • Omolola Alade & Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan & Abiola Adeniyi & Yewande Isabella Adeyemo & Afolabi Oyapero & Olubukola Olamide Olatosi & Chioma Nzomiwu & Bamidele Olubukola Popoola & Joycelyn Eigbobo &, 2022. "Differences in Oral Lesions Associated with Tobacco Smoking, E-Cigarette Use and COVID-19 Infection among Adolescents and Young People in Nigeria," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-10, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:17:p:10509-:d:895816
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Michael Marshall, 2021. "COVID’s toll on smell and taste: what scientists do and don’t know," Nature, Nature, vol. 589(7842), pages 342-343, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar & Carlos A. Jurado & Amaweya Al-Sammarraie & Musab H. Saeed, 2023. "Consequences of COVID-19 and Its Variants: Understanding the Physical, Oral, and Psychological Impact," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-5, February.

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