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Isolation and Optimisation of Culture Conditions for a Marine Bioflocculant-Producing Bacterium and Application of Its Bioflocculant in Wastewater Treatment

Author

Listed:
  • Tlou Nelson Selepe

    (Department of Water and Sanitation, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Polokwane 0727, South Africa)

  • Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe

    (Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Polokwane 0727, South Africa)

  • Kgabo Moganedi

    (Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Polokwane 0727, South Africa)

  • Peter Masoko

    (Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Polokwane 0727, South Africa)

  • Vusimuzi Mulaudzi

    (Department of Chemistry, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Polokwane 0727, South Africa)

Abstract

The application of bioflocculants has become an alternative to that of chemical flocculants in wastewater treatment due to their environmental friendliness and non-toxic effects. This study aimed at isolating a bioflocculant-producing bacterium from marine water, optimisation of its culture conditions, and investigation of the removal efficiency of its bioflocculant on pollutants in wastewater. The bacterium was identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Optimal carbon and nitrogen sources, inoculum size, temperature, pH, and time were determined by the one-factor-at-a-time assay. The cytotoxicity of the bioflocculant was assessed on African green monkey kidney and bovine dermis cells using a tetrazolium-based columetric (MTT) method. Its removal efficiencies on chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and sulphur were determined using the Jar test method. The bacterial isolate was identified as Ochrobactrum oryzae AB84113. A maximum flocculating activity of 92% and a yield of 3.768 g/L were obtained when a 1% ( v / v ) inoculum size was used in the presence of starch and yeast extract at pH 7, 30 °C, and after 72 h of cultivation. The bioflocculant demonstrated non-cytotoxic effects on bovine dermis and African green monkey kidney cells. The bioflocculant removed 98% COD, 91% BOD and 86% of Sulphur. The bioflocculant has potential for pollutant removal from industrial wastewater.

Suggested Citation

  • Tlou Nelson Selepe & Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe & Kgabo Moganedi & Peter Masoko & Vusimuzi Mulaudzi, 2022. "Isolation and Optimisation of Culture Conditions for a Marine Bioflocculant-Producing Bacterium and Application of Its Bioflocculant in Wastewater Treatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:16:p:10237-:d:891043
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe & Albertus Kotze Basson & Nkosinathi Goodman Dlamini, 2019. "Removal of Pollutants in Mine Wastewater by a Non-Cytotoxic Polymeric Bioflocculant from Alcaligenes faecalis HCB2," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-17, October.
    2. Phakamani H. Tsilo & Albertus K. Basson & Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela & Tsolanku S. Maliehe & V.S.R. Rajasekhar Pullabhotla, 2022. "Production and Characterization of a Bioflocculant from Pichia kudriavzevii MH545928.1 and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-14, March.
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