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Decreases in Arterial Stiffness and Wave Reflection after Isometric Handgrip Training Are Associated with Improvements in Cognitive Function in Older Adults

Author

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  • Takanobu Okamoto

    (Department of Exercise Physiology, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo 158-8508, Japan
    Research Institute for Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo 158-8508, Japan)

  • Yuto Hashimoto

    (Research Institute for Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo 158-8508, Japan)

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate whether decreases in arterial stiffness and wave reflection after isometric handgrip (IHG) training improve cognitive function in older adults. Twenty-two older adults (mean age ± standard error: 75 ± 2 years) were randomly assigned to either a group that performed IHG training (IHG group, n = 11) or a sedentary control group (CON group, n = 11). The IHG exercise comprised four unilateral 2-minute isometric contractions at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction using a programmed handgrip dynamometer with 1-minute rest periods, performed 5 days per week for 8 weeks. Carotid pulse wave velocity (cPWV) and carotid augmentation index (cAIx) were measured, and the trail-making test (TMT) parts A (TMT-A) and B (TMT-B) were performed before (baseline) and after 8 weeks of training in both groups. After 8 weeks of training, cPWV, cAIx, TMT-A, and TMT-B were significantly reduced in the IHG group ( p < 0.05). Significant positive correlations were found between the amount of change in cPWV and cAIx and that in TMT-A ( p < 0.05 each). In addition, positive correlation trends were observed between the amount of change in cPWV and cAIx and that in TMT-B ( p = 0.06, p = 0.05, respectively). The results of the present study suggest that IHG training-induced decreases in arterial stiffness and wave reflection are associated with improvements in cognitive function in older adults.

Suggested Citation

  • Takanobu Okamoto & Yuto Hashimoto, 2022. "Decreases in Arterial Stiffness and Wave Reflection after Isometric Handgrip Training Are Associated with Improvements in Cognitive Function in Older Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-11, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:15:p:9585-:d:880038
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Patricia Alexandra García-Garro & Fidel Hita-Contreras & Antonio Martínez-Amat & Alexander Achalandabaso-Ochoa & José Daniel Jiménez-García & David Cruz-Díaz & Agustín Aibar-Almazán, 2020. "Effectiveness of A Pilates Training Program on Cognitive and Functional Abilities in Postmenopausal Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-12, May.
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