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The Relationship between Resistance Training Frequency and Muscle Quality in Adolescents

Author

Listed:
  • Marshall A. Naimo

    (Military Performance Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760, USA)

  • Ja K. Gu

    (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA)

Abstract

Previous research has established the role of resistance training (RT) on muscle function in adolescents, but a lack of evidence to optimize RT for enhancing muscle quality (MQ) exists. This study examined whether RT frequency is associated with MQ in a nationally representative adolescent cohort. A total of 605 adolescents (12–15 year) in NHANES were stratified based on RT frequency. MQ was calculated as combined handgrip strength divided by arm lean mass (via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). Analysis of covariance was adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, and arm fat percentage; p < 0.05 was considered significant. RT frequency was associated with MQ for 2–7 day/week but not 1 day/week. When no RT was compared to 1–2 and 3–7 day/week, associations were present for 3–7 day/week but not 1–2 day/week. When comparing no RT to 1–4 and 5–7 day/week, associations existed for 5–7 day/week but not 1–4 day/week. Next, no RT was compared to 1, 2–3, and 4–7 day/week; associations were found for 4–7 day/week, while 2–3 day/week had a borderline association ( p = 0.06); there were no associations for 1 day/week. Finally, no RT was compared to 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5–7 day/week; associations were present for all except 1 and 3 day/week. These prospective data suggest a minimum RT frequency of 2 day/week is associated with MQ in adolescents as indicated by the lack of differences in MQ between 1 day/week RT versus no RT.

Suggested Citation

  • Marshall A. Naimo & Ja K. Gu, 2022. "The Relationship between Resistance Training Frequency and Muscle Quality in Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:13:p:8099-:d:853965
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