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Neurodevelopment in Normocephalic Children Exposed to Zika Virus in Utero with No Observable Defects at Birth: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Elena Marbán-Castro

    (ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, 132 Rosselló Street, 08036 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Laia J. Vazquez Guillamet

    (ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, 132 Rosselló Street, 08036 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Percy Efrain Pantoja

    (Health Services Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Aina Casellas

    (ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, 132 Rosselló Street, 08036 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Lauren Maxwell

    (Heidelberg Institute for Global Health, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany)

  • Sarah B. Mulkey

    (Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA
    Department of Neurology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA
    Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037, USA)

  • Clara Menéndez

    (ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, 132 Rosselló Street, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
    Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Centro de Investigaçâo em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Rua 12, Cambeve CP 1929, Maputo 1929, Mozambique)

  • Azucena Bardají

    (ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, 132 Rosselló Street, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
    Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Centro de Investigaçâo em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Rua 12, Cambeve CP 1929, Maputo 1929, Mozambique)

Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is a cause of pregnancy loss and multiple clinical and neurological anomalies in children. This systematic review aimed to assess the effect of ZIKV exposure in utero on the long-term neurodevelopment of normocephalic children born to women with ZIKV infection in pregnancy. This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We performed a random effects meta-analysis to estimate the cross-study prevalence of neurodevelopmental delays in children using the Bayley Scales for Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III). The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane’s Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Full-text reviews were performed for 566 articles, and data were extracted from 22 articles corresponding to 20 studies. Nine articles including data from 476 children found 6.5% (95% CI: 4.1–9.3) of infants and children to have any type of non-language cognitive delay; 29.7% (95% CI: 21.7–38.2) to have language delay; and 11.5% (95% CI: 4.8–20.1) to have any type of motor delay. The pooled estimates had a high level of heterogeneity; thus, results should be interpreted with caution. Larger prospective studies that include a non-exposed control group are needed to confirm whether ZIKV exposure in utero is associated with adverse child neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Elena Marbán-Castro & Laia J. Vazquez Guillamet & Percy Efrain Pantoja & Aina Casellas & Lauren Maxwell & Sarah B. Mulkey & Clara Menéndez & Azucena Bardají, 2022. "Neurodevelopment in Normocephalic Children Exposed to Zika Virus in Utero with No Observable Defects at Birth: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-24, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:12:p:7319-:d:838838
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