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The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Strategies on Perceived Stress and Psychobiosocial States in Athletes and Recreationally Active People

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  • Selenia di Fronso

    (Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics (BIND) Center, 66100 Chieti, Italy
    Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy)

  • Claudio Robazza

    (Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics (BIND) Center, 66100 Chieti, Italy
    Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy)

  • Réka Zsanett Bondár

    (Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics (BIND) Center, 66100 Chieti, Italy
    Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy)

  • Maurizio Bertollo

    (Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics (BIND) Center, 66100 Chieti, Italy
    Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy)

Abstract

The mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programme is gaining increasing attention in sport and physical activity domains. This programme comprises three meditation practices: mindful yoga, body scan, and sitting meditation. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of a dynamic (mindful yoga) strategy and a static (a combination of body scan/sitting meditation) strategy on participants’ psychobiosocial states (PBS), perceived stress (PS) and mindfulness levels in athletes and recreationally active (RA) people. Thirty-four participants (athletes = 18; RA participants = 16) were assigned to a dynamic intervention strategy, and another 34 (athletes = 19; RA participants = 15) were assigned to the static intervention strategy. Before the intervention, after the intervention and three weeks later, the Italian versions of the PBS scale, the PS scale and the Mindful Attention Awareness scale were administered. RM-(M)ANOVAs revealed that intervention strategies improved functional PBS, reduced PS and enhanced mindfulness levels in both athletes and RA participants after the intervention ( p < 0.001, η p 2 = 0.605). However, improved functional PBS after the intervention ( p < 0.001; d = 0.62) and stable PS levels at follow-up ( p = 1) were observed mainly in athletes. The findings reinforce the view of the importance of the body as a means to improve emotional and health processes, and support the use of mindfulness strategies in sport to enhance individuals’ well-being.

Suggested Citation

  • Selenia di Fronso & Claudio Robazza & Réka Zsanett Bondár & Maurizio Bertollo, 2022. "The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Strategies on Perceived Stress and Psychobiosocial States in Athletes and Recreationally Active People," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:12:p:7152-:d:836107
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Claudio Robazza & Maurizio Bertollo & Montse C Ruiz & Laura Bortoli, 2016. "Measuring Psychobiosocial States in Sport: Initial Validation of a Trait Measure," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(12), pages 1-18, December.
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    1. Selenia di Fronso & Dagmara Budnik-Przybylska, 2023. "Special Issue: Sport Psychology Interventions for Athletes’ Performance and Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-4, February.
    2. Piotr Mamcarz & Paweł Droździel & Radovan Madleňák & Saugirdas Pukalskas & Sylwia Gwiazdowska-Stańczak, 2023. "Does Mindfulness Mediate the Relation between Impulsiveness and Job Stressfulness Perception of Professional Drivers?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-11, March.

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